Violent Offenders Exam #2

How do men and women respond to partner infidelity, emotional infidelity, and sexual infidelity? Who are more distressed about sexual infidelity?

Men are more distressed by sexual infidelity and women are more distressed by emotional infidelity

What do the statistics reflect about female homicide victims and their intimate partners? What is the relationship between men’s suspicions and accusations of partner infidelity?

30% were killed by an intimate partner and it increases when the victim leaves the abuser for another man

What type of relationship exists between men’s nonviolent controlling behaviors and coercion of their partner?

Positive relationship

What predicts men’s physical violence against their partner? What percent of reported incidents of non-fatal violence was committed by intimate partners?

Family history of aggression, unemployment, alcohol use, cultural influences

What role does sexual jealousy play in partner directed violence? What risk factors play a part in partner sexual infidelity?

Male sexual jealousy as a solution to the adaptive problem of paternity (surveillance, possession, punishment, threats)

What hormone appears to influence the male brain? What are genes and how do they impact a person’s personality, thinking patterns, and ultimately behavior? How do they relate to predators?

Testosterone/ Genes, which are embedded in chromosomes, are merely stretches of DNA with a known arrangement of base pairs/ it affects the development of self-control

What are the characteristics of predatory offenders? Are most predators male or female?

Opportunists that commit crimes when under the influence/Physical aggression/Male

What are the classifications of neurotransmitters? How long does it take the neocortex of the brain to develop and how does it affect a person’s behavior?

Neurotransmitters carry messages between neurons in the brain and are triggered when an electric charge travels down the axon and is released from the synaptic cleft./ excitory and inhibitory are two general classifications of neurotransmitters/The last part of the brain to develop is the neocortex or the “thinking part,” which is responsible for the human abilities of planning, delaying gratification, impulse control, and rational thought

What is the difference between predatory offenders and all other types of offenders?

The difference is that predatory offenders do not require or are not driven by these concerns—predatory offenders are the truly criminal

How does aggression impact children and are they able to grow out of this behavior?

its onset occurs around the time when children gain mobility

What is predation?

Predation involves an intention to do harm to another, or at least a willingness to actively seek out and injure another person

Who has greater pride in their antisocial behavior, non-psychopaths or psychopaths? What are the risk factors associated with psychopaths? 

Compared to non-psychopaths, psychopaths have more arrests, criminal convictions, and greater pride in their antisocial behavior

What are some of the distinctive patterns of psychopaths?

Impulsive, Grandiose, Emotionally cold, Manipulative, Callous, Arrogant, Dominant, Irresponsible, Short-tempered

Why is it important to research and examine the development of crime and criminal activity?

typically involves studying samples comprised of individuals who have been involved in criminal activity.

What did McCuish examine in relation to offense severity? What were two aspects related to severity?

 McCuish (37) examined trajectories of offense severity, which was defined by the number of months an offender was incarcerated over each year of age between 12 and 28. Length of time incarcerated was thought to capture two aspects of severity: harmfulness and wrongfulness

Why is studying offense severity important? What is a classic method for examining offense severity?

A classic method for examining offense severity is to develop scales that rank the severity of different types of offenses (e.g., violent, property, drug crime).

What did Van der Geest propose?

incarcerated were less likely to be employed when free in the community and, when they were employed, spent less time in their position. AND proposed low levels of employment were due to selection effects

What did Blokland report concerning property crimes? 

property crimes were far more common than violent crimes

How does low self-control impact crime and behavior?

is the chief variable that predicts crime and analogous behaviors

Define false desistance?

describes the instances in which an offender appears to have terminated or slowed down in their level of offending over time due to the death or incarceration of the offender.