OTTOMAN EMPIRE TEST SHEET

The 5 pillars of Islam

are the fundamental acts of worship and practice in Islam, which include the declaration of faith (Shahada), prayer (Salah), almsgiving (Zakat), fasting during Ramadan (Sawm), and pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj).

Islams Influence on the Ottoman Empire

The religious tradition that shaped the political, cultural, and legal systems of the Ottoman Empire, influencing governance, architectural advancements, and uniting diverse populations under a common identity.

Osmans “dream’ and the orgin of the Ottoman Empire

refers to Osman I's vision of establishing a state based on Islamic principles, which laid the foundation for the Ottoman Empire's expansion and development.

Sultan. (what power does he have) how does one become a sultan

the title given to the sovereign ruler of the Ottoman Empire, representing both political and religious authority. Sultans were key figures in governance and military leadership.

Grand Vizier how does one become grand vizier

The chief minister and top advisor in the Ottoman Empire, holding absolute power of attorney for the ruler. Appointed directly by the monarch, individuals were selected based on administrative merit and loyalty, frequently ascending through the Devshirme system.

Fratricide: what was the Fratricide in relation to the Ottoman Empire. What was its importance in the OE

The legal practice, codified under Sultan Mehmed II, allowing a new sultan to execute his brothers upon ascending the throne. Its main importance was to eliminate potential royal rivals, prevent succession wars, and preserve imperial stability.

Caliph What does this title mean and who was the first sultan to claim this title

The supreme political and religious leader of the Muslim community

Millets: What were millets and how did the Ottoman Empire treat relilgious minorities

Self-governing non-Muslim religious communities (such as Christians and Jews) within the Ottoman Empire that were permitted to manage their own religious, legal, and educational affairs in exchange for paying a tax (Jizya) and maintaining loyalty to the sultan.

Istanbul/Constantionople Who captures this city for the Ottoman Empire what was its importance to Ottoman Empire

Captured by Sultan Mehmed II (Mehmed the Conqueror) in 1453. Its conquest marked the end of the Byzantine Empire, established a powerful new imperial capital for the Ottomans, and gave them control over strategic land and sea trade routes connecting Europe and Asia.