NU 231 Chapter 12: Hypersensitivity, Blood Groups, and Transplants

Flashcards covering Type III and Type IV hypersensitivities, blood typing antigens and antibodies, and transplantation concepts from Chapter 12.

Type III Immune Complex Mediated Disorders

Disorders caused when an antigen/antibody complex forms and is deposited in tissues, leading to an inflammatory response where complexes have lodged (e.g., Rheumatoid arthritis).

Type IV Delayed Hypersensitivity

A cell-mediated reaction regulated by T lymphocytes with no antibodies, producing clinical manifestations in $24\text{--}72\text{ hours}$ (e.g., Poison Ivy, TB testing).

Group A Blood

Blood type characterized by A antigens on the red blood cells and Anti-B antibodies in the plasma.

Group B Blood

Blood type characterized by B antigens on the red blood cells and Anti-A antibodies in the plasma.

Group AB Blood

Blood type characterized by both A and B antigens on the red blood cells and no antibodies in the plasma.

Group O Blood

Blood type characterized by no antigens on the red blood cells and both Anti-A and Anti-B antibodies in the plasma.

Allograft

Tissue cells or organs (graft) taken from one person and placed in another.

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)

Major histocompatibility complexes (MHC) on cells that form the basis for matching transplants between individuals.

Graft Rejection

An immune response occurring in acute or chronic forms when the host's immune system recognizes a transplanted graft as foreign.