Skeletal system

functions of the skeletal systems

support, protection, movement, storage, blood cell formation

osteoblasts

Builds bone

Osteoclasts

Clear old bone out

Bone atrophy

Loss of bone mineral, density, and strength (old people)

Axial skeleton

center part of the skeleton 3 major parts are the skull, spine, thoracic cage (ribs, sternum, scapula)

cervical spine

c1-c7

c1

atlas

c2

axis

thoracic

T1-T12

Lumber

L1-L5

scarum

coccyx

thoracic cage purpose

protects the heart and lungs

thoracic system

Ribs, sternum, thoracic vertebrae

Appendicular skeleton

arms and legs

appendicular skeleton upper extremities

clavicle, scapula, humerus, radius and ulna

appendicular lower extremities

femur, tibia and fibula. patella

where are the smallest bones in the body located

distal phalanges

fracture

break or crack in the bone

stress fracture

tiny painful cracks in the bone from overuse

osteoporosis

bone strength and bone mineralization is low or decreased

sprain

injury caused by abnormal motion of bones causing tearing of ligaments and tendons

symptoms of a sprain

pain and swelling

r

rest

i

apply ice

c

compression

e

elevation

what do you treat pain with

OTC medications ibuprofen and acetaminophen

where are dislocation of joints most common

shoulders, knee, hip, elbows, jaw

what are signs and symptoms of dislocation of the joints

pain, joint deformity, swelling, loss of movement

treatment for dislocation of joints

popping the bone back into place… painful

bursitis

inflammation of fluid filled sacs that are around joints to cushion them

where is bursitis most common

shoulder, elbow, hip

signs and symptoms of bursitis

achy stiff joints, pain with motion, maybe welling

treatment for bursitis

rest

arthro

joint

femor/o

femur

osteo

bone

ped/o

foot

rheumatoid arthritis

chronic inflammation bodys immune system attacks the membranes joints

symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis

limited motion, tenderness, swelling, stiffness

osteoarthritis

degenerative disorder of cartilage

where does osteoarthritis happen

hands, knees, hips and spine mostly affected

treatment for arthritis

anti inflammatory meds, injection of cortisone into joint