CLASSICAL GREECE

Dying warrior 490 bce

archaic smile wasn’t appropriate for this statue. Made him look happy to die. Body was posed and too perfect

Dying warrior 480

More naturalistic and real than the other. No archaic smile

Kritios Boy from acropolis 480

Portrayed as young with no facial hair. Marble

Riace Warrior 460-450

Older with facial hair. Defined muscles. Warrior. Made of bronze

Contraposto

When figures legs are positioned as one bearing weight and the other relaxed bent

“Contraposto, one leg bent the mosto”

Myron, Diskobolos (disk thrower) 450bce

Roman copied jt and mass produced in marble statues. The og bronze statue did not survive. Built for multiple view points. Dynamic. Communicated Greek ideals of the perfect male body

Delphi Charioteer

Temple of Apollo

Draped instead of nude because it wasn’t appropriate to be naked in a temple for the gods. Young no facial hair.

Bronze statues made with lost wax process

Zeus or Poseidon statue

460-450

powerful, developed physique. Warrior. Features give it power.

Polykleitos

Artist. Wanted to show ideals for the human body are eternal

Dorypharos (spear thrower)

450-444

Original name : the cannon

Ideal body proportions.

Mathematical equations used to create the ideal human body proportions.

Canon: standard or model

Acropolis

City state in Athens Greece

Sacred, defensive site.

Layers of temples built on top of temples.

Built on naturally raised rock.

Has a steep accent because the gods need to be close to the heavens.

Propylaia: gate to acropolis

Parthenon: temple of Athena

Parthenon

447-448 9 years to make

Primary temple. Dedicated to Athena the military deity. Protects Athens.

Associated with Nike —> name of victory goddess.

Parthenos. Temple structure based on math formula 2x = y+1. A Doric temple. Houses cult statue of Athena made of chryselephantine (gold & ivory).

Columns have a swell to them called Entasis.

Battle of lapiths & centaurs.

Part of Parthenon frieze.

Centaur trampling man. Carved to portray motion. Every stone was dressed particularly for a place in the temple.

Three goddesses (Hestia, Dione, Aphrodite)

On Parthenon pediment.

Observation of birth of Athena.

Form hugging drapery. Woman’s bodies underneath clothing start to be revealed.

Helio & his horses & Dionysos.

Tallest point in the pediment.

Statues poses respond to the slope of the pediment.

Horseman from Panthenaic procession.

Frieze of pantheon located in cella.

Increase in movement, naturalism, autonomy.

Panthenaic procession: yearly celebration of Athena.

Propylaia

Gateway to acropolis.

Doric. Strong defensive architecture.

Erechtheion

Picture gallery in acropolis.

Ionic orders, feminine

Slender columns. Porch has caryatids

Aphrodite of Knidos 350-340

Sculptor: Praxiteles

• made his sculptures of women naked to celebrate the new female body

Venus pudica type: modest Venus

Revelation of body but also concealment as she is partially covering herself

Human figure proportions are getting elongated

Hermes (messenger god) and Dionysos 340bce

Elongated proportions

Smaller head.

Censual pose that emphasizes curves

Apocyomenos 330bce

Scraping his body.

They oiled their bodies and would scrap off the excess

When is the classical period?

480-400 bce

Hercules resting. 320bce

Made by lysippos

Large muscular build that communicates strength.

He’s resting which communicates tiredness. Oxymoron of being a diety known for strength but being exhausted

Hades abducting Persephone

From tomb 1 fresco

Didn’t see a lot of painting in Greek time bc the frescos didn’t survive.

Communicates emotion and movement

When is the Hellenistic period?

323-330bce

Battle of Issus

Tessera: individual stones/ glass making up a mosaic

Battle between Alexander the Great and Darius of Persia.

Portrays depth of space

What is a theme of the Hellenistic period?

The pieces had dramatic narrative scenes with extreme emotion

Athena Battling Alkyoneas

Frieze on alter of Zeus

Alkyoneas —> giants

Carved in high relief advancing out of wall

Dying Gaul killing himself and wife

Gaul: ethnic group who occupied present France. In conflict w Greeks

Greeks represents Gauls as barbarians

Gaul killed himself honorably to escape becoming a slave by the Greeks

Greeks recognize them as inferior but also recognize their honorability

Nike of Samothrace

Goddess of victory

Dramatic movement

Setting on a boat