Skull FUNCTIONS ONLY (Mo Version 2025)

frontal bone

superior orbits, floor of anterior fossa

parietal bone

form side and top of cranium

occipital bone

forms floor and back of cranium

temporal bone

lateral inferior skull

ethmoid bone

allows passage of olfactory nerve

sphenoid bone

keystone of cranium, holds pituitary gland

supraorbital notch

blood vessles and nerve passage

coronal suture articulation

frontal and both parietal bones

frontonasal suture articulation

between nasal and frontal bone

sagittal suture articulation

between the parietal bones

labdoid suture articulation

between the occipital bone and parietals

squamous suture articulation

articulation between temporal and parietals

foramen magnum

spinal cord passage

occipital condyles

articulates with C1 atlas

hypoglossal canal

hypoglossal nerve passage (CN 12)

mastoid process

muscle attachment (mastoiditis, meningitis)

external acoustic meatus

ear canal

styloid process

neck muscle and ligament attachment

zygomatic process

forms zygomatic arch with zygomatic bone

occipitomastoid suture articulation

between occipital bone and petrous region of temproal bone

stylomastoid foramen

facial nerve passage (CN 7)

foramen lacernum

internal carotid and small nerves passage

mandibular fossa

socket for the mandibular condyle

carotid canal

internal carotid passage

jugular foramen

internal jugular vein passage (also CN 9, 10, 11)

internal acoustic meatus

cranial nerve passage (CN 7, 8)

sella turcica

holds pituitary gland (Turk's Saddle)

optic canal

optic nerve passage (CN 2)

superior orbital fissure

cranial nerve passage (CN 3, 4, 5, 6)

inferior orbital fissure

nerve passage

foramen rotundum

passage of a branch of the 5th CN

foramen spinosum

passage of arteries and nerves

inferior, middle and superior nasal concha

turbinates the air coming into nasal cavity

lateral mass of ethmoid bone (L & R)

form medial orbital plates

perpendicular plate

superior part of the nasal septum

crista galli

Dura Mater attachment

cribiform plate

holds olfactory foramina, olfactory nerve passage (CN 1)

the horizontal plate of ethmoid bone consists of:

cribiform plates and crista galli

lacrimal fossa

passageway of tears

hard palate consists of:

palatine processes and the palatine bone

hard palate

separates oral and nasal cavities

incisive fossa

transmits nasopalatine arteries and blood vessels

intermaxillary suture

unites the palatine processes of the maxilla

medial palatine suture

unites the palatine bones

infraorbital foramen

infraorbital nerves and blood vessels passage

alveolar margin

hold teeth socketss

body of mandible

forms the chin

mental foramen

transmits the mental blood vessels and nerves

mandibular condyle/ condylar process

articulates with mandibular fossa of the temporal bone

mandibular foramen

mandibular branch of CN 5 passage, site of novocain injection

coronoid process

muscle attachment