Mga Gunita ng Himagsikan: The Philippine Revolution and the First Republic

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering key historical figures, organizations, documents, concepts, and events of the Philippine Revolution and the First Philippine Republic based on the student handout Mga Gunita ng Himagsikan.

Cabeza de barangay

A local administrative position held by Emilio Aguinaldo in Binakayan before he became capitan municipal.

Capitan municipal

A local political office to which Emilio Aguinaldo was elected as the first holder for Cavite el Viejo in 1895.

Nom de guerre

An assumed name used in a revolutionary or secret organization, such as 'Magdalo,' which was used by Emilio Aguinaldo.

La Liga Filipina

A civic organization founded by José Rizal in 1892 to unite Filipinos and advocate for peaceful reforms.

Katipunan / KKK

A secret revolutionary society founded on July 7, 1892, with the primary objective of uniting Filipinos and achieving independence from Spain through revolution.

Andrés Bonifacio

One of the main founders and leaders of the Katipunan, widely referred to as the Supremo.

Emilio Jacinto

A prominent revolutionary figure known as the 'Brains of the Katipunan' and the author of the Kartilya ng Katipunan.

Gregoria de Jesus

A key female revolutionary figure who was recognized as the 'Lakambini of the Katipunan.'

Pío Valenzuela

A prominent member and adviser of the Katipunan during the Philippine revolutionary period.

Guillermo Masangkay

An early member of the Katipunan identified in the revolutionary accounts.

Kartilya ng Katipunan

A guidebook written by Emilio Jacinto that outlined ethical principles for Katipunan members, emphasizing good character, equality, love for others, dignity, and love of country.

Cedula

A residence certificate issued by Spanish authorities that Katipuneros tore up during the Cry of Pugad Lawin to signify open defiance and opposition to Spanish rule.

Magdalo

A Katipunan chapter and faction in Cavite associated with Emilio Aguinaldo that favored replacing the Katipunan with a revolutionary government.

Magdiwang

A Katipunan faction in Cavite that supported maintaining the Katipunan as the governing body of the revolution because of its established constitution and by-laws.

Tejeros Convention

An assembly held on March 22, 1897, in Cavite where revolutionary leaders convened to establish a defense plan and elect officials for a new revolutionary government.

Acta de Tejeros

A document signed on March 23, 1897, by Andrés Bonifacio and 45 followers formally repudiating and rejecting the proceedings and elections of the Tejeros Convention.

Pact of Biak-na-Bato

An agreement reached in December 1897 that temporarily suspended hostilities between Spanish authorities and Filipino revolutionaries, resulting in Emilio Aguinaldo's voluntary exile to Hong Kong.

Malolos Constitution

The basic law ratified by the revolutionary congress that served as the legal foundation for the First Philippine Republic.

First Philippine Republic

The government officially inaugurated on January 23, 1899, establishing a sovereign Philippine state equipped with a cabinet, legislative assembly, and local governance.

Conventional warfare

A traditional mode of conflict in which regular, organized military forces confront each other using standard military units, formations, and maneuvers.

Guerrilla warfare

An irregular form of combat relying on small, mobile detachments, ambushes, raids, and surprise attacks against a numerically or technologically superior enemy.

Policy of attraction

An administrative strategy employed by the United States colonial government combining social reforms, public works, and limited local self-governance to win over Filipino support.

Apolinario Mabini

A legal scholar and philosopher known as the 'Brain of the Philippine Revolution' who served as prime adviser to Emilio Aguinaldo and architect of revolutionary governance.

Ordenanzas de la Revolución

A legal treatise written by Apolinario Mabini applying principles of law and political philosophy to organize armed resistance and civilian governance in liberated territories.

El Verdadero Decálogo

A moral and patriotic code authored by Apolinario Mabini that stressed righteousness before God, societal welfare, and absolute devotion to the motherland.

Constitutional Program

A comprehensive draft for a national constitution drafted by Apolinario Mabini in Manila and submitted to Emilio Aguinaldo for consideration.

La Revolución Filipina

A historical memoir and political critique written by Apolinario Mabini during his exile in Guam, analyzing the successes, internal struggles, and ultimate downfall of the revolution.

Nationalism

A shared patriotic identity and commitment to Philippine self-determination, sovereignty, and independence from foreign colonial rule.