Professor Messer's CompTIA Network+ N10-009 Practice Flashcards

Practice flashcards based on the CompTIA Network+ N10-009 course notes, covering the OSI model, networking devices, cloud models, IP protocols, and security concepts.

What are the seven layers of the OSI model?

Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application.

Which layer of the OSI model is concerned with the physics of the network, including signaling, cabling, and connectors?

Layer $1$ - Physical Layer.

At which OSI layer does a router function to forward traffic between IP subnets?

Layer $3$ - Network Layer.

What is the primary difference between TCP and UDP regarding connection status?

TCP is connection-oriented, whereas UDP is connectionless.

What is the well-known port used by the SSH (Secure Shell) protocol?

tcp/$22$.

Which protocol is used to resolve a fully-qualified domain name to an IP address on port udp/$53$?

DNS (Domain Name System).

What is the maximum communication range for multimode fiber using an LED light source?

Up to $2\,km$.

What is the marketable name for the IEEE $802.11ax$ wireless standard?

Wi-Fi 6.

Which cloud service model is also known as Hardware as a Service (HaaS)?

IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service).

What is the formula used to calculate the number of available hosts per subnet?

$2^{\text{host bits}} - 2$.

What is the address range for Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)?

$169.254.1.0$ through $169.254.254.255$.

Which protocol is used to prevent loops in switched networks (IEEE 802.1D)?

STP (Spanning Tree Protocol).

Which dynamic routing protocol is commonly used for Internet routing to connect different autonomous systems (AS)?

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol).

In the AAA framework, what does the third 'A' stand for and what is its function?

Accounting; it tracks resource usage such as login time and data sent.

What is the purpose of a Load Balancer?

To distribute the network load across multiple servers for fault tolerance and performance.

What is an 'Evil Twin' in wireless security?

A malicious access point configured to look like a legitimate network to fool users.

Which tool is used to intercept network traffic by sending a copy to a packet capture device?

Taps or port mirrors.

What is the Ethernet troubleshooting term for frames that are less than $64$ bytes?

Runts.

Which protocol is used by Microsoft Windows for file and printer sharing over port tcp/$445$?

SMB (Server Message Block).

In the OSI model, which layer is responsible for character encoding and application encryption?

Layer $6$ - Presentation Layer.

What is the purpose of ping in network troubleshooting?

To test the reachability of a host on an IP network by sending ICMP echo request packets.

Which command-line tool is used to trace the path that packets take to a specific destination?

Traceroute (or tracert in Windows).

What tool can be used to capture and analyze network packets?

Wireshark.

What is the function of a network analyzer?

To monitor network traffic for analysis and troubleshooting.

What does the term latency refer to in networking?

The time delay in data transmission, measured as the time it takes for a packet to travel from source to destination.

What does 'flapping' mean in the context of network devices?

Intermittent connectivity issues caused by devices rapidly changing their state.

What is the primary function of a packet sniffer?

To capture and log network traffic for analysis.

What is the significance of using telnet in troubleshooting?

To test connectivity to specific ports and services by initiating a command-line session.

What are the primary responsibilities of a Network Operations Center (NOC)?

To monitor network performance, troubleshoot issues, manage network configurations, and ensure security compliance.

What is the difference between a NOC and a SOC (Security Operations Center)?

A NOC focuses on network performance and availability, while a SOC focuses on security threats and incident response.

What types of tools are commonly used in a NOC for monitoring network performance?

Network monitoring tools such as SolarWinds, Nagios, and PRTG Network Monitor are commonly used in a NOC.

What is the significance of incident management in a NOC?

Incident management involves quickly responding to and resolving network outages or performance issues to minimize downtime and impact on users.

How do NOCs typically communicate issues to stakeholders?

NOCs use incident reports, dashboards, and alerts to keep stakeholders informed about network status and issues.

What role does automation play in the functions of a NOC?

Automation helps streamline routine tasks, enhances responsiveness to incidents, and improves overall network management efficiency.

What are the benefits of having a centralized NOC for large organizations?

A centralized NOC allows for unified monitoring, quicker incident response, more efficient resource allocation, and consistency in network management policies.

What is proactive monitoring in the context of NOCs?

Proactive monitoring involves continuously tracking network performance metrics to anticipate and resolve potential issues before they impact services.