KINS 1223 Lecture Exam 2 #2

tissue to most likely be in an area that resists friction

stratified

non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium is found in areas where ________ against _______ is important; it also lacks surface layer of _____ cells

protection, abrasion; dead

simple columnar epithelium that forms the absorptive cells of the digestive tract has what characteristic?

dense microvilli

If your patient had an inability to absorb nutrients from the small intestine, it might indicate a disorder in which tissue?

a) Simple squamous epithelium

b) Transitional epithelium

c) Simple columnar epithelium

d) Stratified squamous epithelium

a) simple squamous

c) simple columnar

classification involved with absorption in the digestive tract

simple

complete analogy: simple is to absorption as stratified is to ?

protection and abrasion

epithelial tissue that lines blood vessels

simple squamous

Stomach acid is very acidic. So, the stomach secretes a mucosal barrier to protect itself from the acid used to digest food. The lining responsible for creating the mucosal barrier is most likely comprised of which epithelial cell?

simple columnar

The type of epithelium lining ovaries has is ?

simple cuboidal

Glands that secrete their products directly into the blood (such as the adrenal gland) rather than through ducts are classified as ______________.

endocrine

Connective tissue is made of which three essential components?

cells, ground substance, and protein fibers

Which type of fiber has the greatest resistance to tearing?

collagen

Which type of cell helps to synthesize cartilage?

chondroblast

what tissue contains immune cells, fibroblasts and connective fibers?

loose areolar

Ligaments connect bones together and withstand a lot of stress. What type of connective tissue should you expect ligaments to contain?

dense regular connective tissue

Under the microscope, a tissue specimen shows cells located in spaces scattered in a transparent background. This is probably ?

loose connective tissue or hyaline cartilage

what tissues have lacunae?

bone and cartilage

what tissue is able to withstand that greatest amount of tension stress in a single direction?

dense CT regular

What trait is shared by all types of muscle?

Ability to generate tension

Striations, cylindrical cells, and multiple nuclei are observed in ?

skeletal muscle only

Skeletal muscle is composed of very hard working cells. Which organelles do you expect to find in abundance in skeletal muscle cell?

mitochondria

what is the name of the function in the integumentary system where skin acts as a barrier and fights against excessive water loss?

protection

what is the name of the function in the integumentary system where changes in pressure, vibrations, pain, and temperature are detected?

sensation

what is the name of the function in the integumentary system where there are changes in blood flow to skin as well as sweat excretion?

thermoregulation

what is the name of the function in the integumentary system where skin responds to UV light?

vitamin D production

Which strata is only found in thick skin?

stratum lucidum

The epidermis is __________, making it less likely to bleed from the skin.

avascular

Sort the strata of the epidermis from superficial to deep.

Stratum corneum

Stratum lucidum

Stratum granulosum

Stratum spinosum

Stratum basale

Which stratum of the epidermis contains cells undergoing mitosis?

stratum basale

Which stratum of the epidermis contains keratinocytes packed with keratohyalin granules?

stratum granulosum

The palms of your hands and soles of your feet are characterized as

_______ skin and have _____ layers of skin. The additional layer present in thick skin is the ________

thick; 5; stratum lucidum

melanocytes are found in the _____

epidermis

what effects can damage to free nerve endings cause?

- inability to detect itching and tickling

- inability to feel pain

merkel cells are found in the ________

epidermis

langherhans cells are found in the _______

epidermis

free nerve endings are found in the ______

epidermis

Melanocytes produce the ________, called _______, which protects skin from UV light

pigment, melanin

Langherhans cells function as an ______ in the epidermis

antigen

Merkel cells form _____ _____

tactile discs

responsible for fine touch and pressure

merkel cells

fibroblasts are found in the ______ and the _______ _______ ______

dermis; connective tissue proper

produces collagen and elastic fibers

fibroblasts

responsible for deep pressure and vibration

lamellated corpuscle

responsible for light touch, pressure, and vibrations

meissner's corpuscle

responsible for pressure and distortion of the skin

ruffini's corpuscles

responsible for pain, tickle, and touch

free nerve endings

outermost layer of the hair shaft

cuticle

portion of the nail that contains blood vessels and is the site of mitosis

nail matrix

more common sudoriferous gland

merocrine

simple squamous epithelium is responsible for the movement of molecules through _______ & _________.

filtration & diffusion

what tissue would most likely be found in air sacs, blood vessels, capillary lumens and body cavity linings?

simple squamous epithelium

simple cuboidal epithelium has more ________ and ________, meaning no diffusion. it is responsible for _______ and ________

distance and resistance

secretion and absorption

in ______ ______ epithelium, cells can interact with molecules and create substance

simple cuboidal

which tissues would most likely be found in thyroid gland, ducts, glands, and kidney tubules?

simple cuboidal epithelium

simple columnar epithelium are responsible for _______ with the help of ______, _______, and ______ _____.

absorption

microvilli, cilia, and goblet cells

why does simple columnar epithelium have increased protection?

there is more space

what tissue type would you most likely find in the digestive and respiratory tract lining?

simple columnar epithelium

pseudostratified columnar epithelium functions in ________ and ________. Thus, they can be _______.

secretion and propulsion

ciliated

what tissue would most likely be found in the respiratory tract for protection against the lack of filtration?

pseudostratified columnar epithelium

stratified squamous epithelium can be _______ or _________, as it protects against ________. Also, the top layer ______ ____

keratinized or nonkeratinized

abrasion

sheds off

what epitheliums can have the same shape?

stratified cuboidal and columnar

what tissue would most likely be found in the skin, lining of the esophagus, lining of vagina, and the lining of the mouth?

stratified squamous epithelium

both stratified columnar and cuboidal epithelium function in _______.

secretion

what tissue type would most likely be found in the male sperm duct?

stratified columnar epithelium

what tissue type would most likely be found in sweat glands, mammary glands, pharynx, and male urethra?

stratified cuboidal epithelium

stratified transitional epithelium looks to be ________ but stretches to be ________. it changes as we go.

cuboidal; squamous

what type of tissue would most likely be found in ureters, urinary bladder and urethra?

stratified transitional epithelium

loose areolar connective tissue _______ organs and has _______ response. It contains _________ & ________ ________. also, there is ______ in the space btwn cells for protection.

cushions; immune

fibroblasts & collagen fibers

water

what tissue is typically under epithelial tissue?

loose areolar connective tissue

loose adipose connective tissue has a matrix tht is tightly packed with ________. this tissue ______ & ______ organs. also, it stores _________.

adipocytes

insulates & protects

triglycerides

what tissue is located in the hypodermis and around major organs?

loose adipose connective tissue

loose reticular connective tissue has a mesh string of _______ _______. it is _______, and supports _______ & ______ cells.

collagen fibers

flexible

tissue & immune

dense regular connective tissue is ________, where ________ are embedded in the _______ assembly of _______ ______. There is little to no ______. It can take up the greatest amount of _______ in a ______ ______.

organized

fibroblasts

regular

collagen fibers

space

stress

single direction

what tissue would you find in tendons and ligaments?

dense regular connective tissue

dense irregular connective tissue is _______, where ________ are embedded in the _______ assembly of ________ _______. it can resist _____ in _____ ________.

unorganized

fibroblasts

irregular

collagen fibers

force

many directions

what tissue would you most likely find in the dermis of joint capsules, and underlying epithelial linings (digestive tract)?

dense irregular connective tissue

dense elastic connective tissue is dense regular tissue that is enriched with ______ ______ in an ______ assembly. Allows tissue to ______ & _______

elastin fibers

organized

stretch & recoil

what type of tissue is most likely found in the walls of arteries to increase BP, some ligaments, and the walls of bronchial tubes to accommodate more air?

dense elastic connective tissue

hyaline cartilage connective tissue has a _______ & ______ gel matrix secreted by __________. when tissue is form, _______ become embedded in ________. it _________, ________, and _______ other tissues and organs

flexible & firm

chondroblasts

chondrocytes

lacunae

cushions, reinforces, and supports

what tissue can be found in the nose, trachea and ribs for breathing?

hyaline cartilage connective tissue

elastic cartilage connective tissue has the same matrix as hyaline, however, it is enriched with ______ ______. this gives it more degree to ______. it also allows tissue to ______ to _______ _______

elastin fibers

stretch

return to original shape

what tissue type is most likely found in the outter ear and epiglottis?

elastic cartilage connective tissue

fibrocartilage connective tissue has a firm hyaline matrix but has more ______ _______ ______. This allows it to be _______ and it _______ ________.

organized collagen fibers

strong

resists force

what tissue type would most likely be found in discs, menisci, and pubic symphysis?

fibrocartilage connective tissue

blood is a ______ connective tissue that contains __________, _________ and _______. it transports ____, ____, _______, and other dissolved molecules through the body.

fluid

leukocytes, erythrocytes, and plasma

O2, CO2, nutrients

what tissue type is found in arteries, veins and capillaries?

blood connective tissue

bone connective tissue has a tightly packed ________ _______ matrix with embedded _________. It is ________, meaning it is packed with blood vessels. also, it functions in ________ storage and has ______ ______ for blood formation

calcified collagen

osteocytes

vascular

calcium

stem cells

skeletal muscle has elongated _______ formed from _____ cells. It is ____________, ____________, ___________, has visible _________, and ___________ cells.

myotubes

multinucleated, contractile, voluntary

striations, and cyndrical

cardiac muscle has elongated ______ with greater degree of __________. there are specialized call junctions called _______ _____ that are deep red margins btwn cells and give the heart _______. individual ______ is evident, and ________ are visible.

myotubes

branching

intercalated discs

rhythm

nuclei

striations

smooth muscle has ______ ______ cells with a _______ ______. it is found in layers that form ______. It can provide _______, and _____ _______ ________. it also can accommodate ____.

spindle shaped

central nucleus

sheets

force

slow wavelike contractions

stretch

what muscle is found in walls of hollow organs?

smooth

neurons are the _____ _____ in tissues. they receive ______ _____ & carry it to the brain. they form ________ with one another. they also transmit _______ ________ from brain to _______ organs.

main cell

sensory info

motor impulses

effector

glial cells regulate the _________ ______ ________. they are responsible for structural _______, _______, and _________ for ________ in brain and spinal cord.

environment around neurons

support, protection, and nourishment

neurons

non keratinized epithelium __________ have a later of dead skin cells present

doesn't

the stratum basale anchors the ________ and has _________ inside of it. It is a highly ______ layer. it also contains ________ _______.

epidermis

melanocytes

mitotic

epidermal ridges

the stratum spinosum is on top of the stratum _______. this layer allows keratinocytes to mature as _________ becomes _________. there is also ________ ________ present.

basale

keratohyalin

keratin

lamellar bodies

the stratum granulosum is the layer on top of the stratum ________ where large amounts of ___________ are produced. there are pockets full of keratin known as _______. this is a _______ layer

spinosum

keratohyalin

granules

spotted

the stratum lucidum is the layer on top of the ___________. this layer appears ______ under microscope. It is only found in _______ _______ like the _____ of our hands and _____ of our feet. this is because it protects _____ _____ areas.

granulosum

clear

thick skin

palms

soles

high imact

the stratum corneum is the most ______ layer, on top of the stratum ________. a ______ ______ forms this ______ resistant layer. the more _______, the more _______.

superficial

lucidum

lipid coating

water

layers

stress

tactile discs are formed from _____ ______. they are located in the _______ _______ and function as _________________. they are associated with ____ _____ & _________.

merkel cells

stratum basale

mechanoreceptors

fine touch & pressure