Government of India Act 1919

What reform followed the Montagu Declaration

The Government of India Act 1919, based on the Montagu–Chelmsford reforms.

What was dyarchy

A system providing provincial subjects between Indian ministers and British controlled officials

What were the key features of the 1919 act

A commitment to future self-government, changes to councils and the electorate, and division of provincial responsibilities.

What was the significance of changing legislative councils

It expanded Indian participation in some areas of government

Did the 1919 Act give India full self-government

No. Britain retained ultimate authority and controlled important areas

Which provincial subjects remained under British-controlled officials?

Law and order, police and key financial responsibilities

Why was dyarchy criticised

Indian ministers had limited authority and lacked control over many crucial government functions.

How did nationalists react to the reforms

Some saw them as progress, while others were frustrated and called it inadequate

Why were the reforms a mixed outcome for Britain

They offered concessions but failed to satisfy many nationalists, contributing to continued opposition.