Chapter 1 Cutlure Quiz - 11th Grade World

Culture

ideas, beliefs, practices, and products that are shared by a group of people and passed on to the next generation

ENculturation

learning or teaching culture

ethnocentrism

when we judges another culture from our own point of view as to what is “right” and “wrong”

what are the six cultural universals??

Law and order

Religious expression

Language (learning and understanding)

Social organization (family and community connections)

Art (self expression)

A way to make a living (economics)

Norms

patterns of acceptable behavior (normal behavior)

what are the two types of norms??

folkways and mores (more-A’s)

folkways

commonly accepted ways of doing things (usually taken for granted)

what are some examples of folkways?

eating three meals a day, taking your hat off at the dinner table, holding the door for someone, raising your hand in class, etc.

how do people view you if you break a folkway?

you are seen as odd but NOT a threat to society

mores

more serious customs, things that society considers threatening to their culture

what are examples of mores?

cannibalism, sexual misconduct, hate speech, fraud, murder

how would people view you if you break a mores?

you are seen as a threat to society, and people may act violent or hateful towards you (ex. Jeffery Dahmer)

social space

the area a person is comfortable speaking to another person

what is the purpose of language?

communication

what methods do we use to communicate with one another?

talking, writing, texting, body language

how do humans learn language?

we learn to speak the language our parents use. babies imitate sounds made by adults around them

why is it hard to learn a language as an adult?

because growing up you use your first language the most, and you learn to think in that language, so teens and adults are not able to ‘think’ in another language easily.

linguistics

the study of language

semantics

the study of meaning of words (vocab)

phonetics

the science of speech sounds (phone-et-icks)

grammar

the rules which govern the orderly arrangement of words in a language

how many language families are there?

40-50

what branch and family is English?

germanic branch

indo-european family (biggest family)

languages like Italian, French, portuguese, and Spanish are in what branch and family??

italic branch

indo-european family

Note*

without communication, we have no way to pass on our culture from one generation to another

religion

a system of beliefs and practices which show a devotion to God or Gods and which try to explain our relationship to the world around us.

monotheism

belief in ONE god (Judaism, Christianity, Islam, etc)

polytheism

belief in MORE THAN ONE god (Hinduism, Shintoism, Romans, etc)

what does the R stand for in ‘religions’

rites or rituals (like funerals)

what does the E stand for in ‘religions’

eternity (belief in the afterlife/what happens after death?)

what does the L stand for in ‘religions’

Leaders

what does the first i stand for in ‘religions’

idols - symbols usually located on a shrine or place of worship

what does the G stand for in ‘religions’

god or gods

what does the second i stand for in ‘religions’

ideas to explain

what does the O stand for in ‘religions’

origins of man and the universe

what does the N stand for in ‘religions’

No Nos - things that are prohibited

what does the S stand for in ‘religion’

Scriptures - sacred texts (testaments, quora, etc.)

animism (shintoism)

the worship of the forces of nature, the idea that animals, plants, trees, and basically anything alive, posses an unseen spirit

ancestor worship (most Asian cultures)

ghosts/spirits of dead ancestors are believed to influence the lives of the living