psych 100 personality terms

classical psychologists

• see patients

• interpret signs

  • dreams, symptoms, mannerisms, etc

• conduct therapy to help patients

• use info form their cases to build theories about personalities

projective tests

• given to patients as a way to look into the way they think

• no empirical support

rorschach test

abstract image, what do u see?

thematic apperception test

create a story based on an image

human figure test

one of the projective tests used by classical psychologists

concerns with classical psychologists

• does one person represent whole population?

• are their interpretations reliable, consistent, and justified?

• are the therapies effective?

• are the theories accurate?

psychoanalysis

• freuds theory of personality/treatment method

components of the mind

id, superego, ego

id

pleasure principle

responsible for animalistic desires

superego

conscience

internalized code of conduct

ego

reality principle

balances reality w/ remands of id & superego

neurotic symptoms

superego (repressive counterforce) and id (threatening impulse) fight against each other, creating anxiety

this results in ego’s defense mechanisms

• psychological pressures like dreams and freudian slips come from this

hysteria, psychogenic symptoms

problems with no underlying physical causes

catharsis

unearthed hidden feelings

repression

forcing out bad thoughts

rationalize

giving oneself a reasonable explanation for bad thoughts/actions

reaction formation

replacing something with an exaggerated opposite

projection

attributing own negative thoughts & feelings to someone else

regression

retreating to habits from youth to feel secure

problems of mbti

• unreliable

• distorts underlying data

• poorly worded

• poor validity

OCEAN

• five main personality traits

• derived through factor analysis

  • statisical, lexical approach

• observed on a scale per trait

• openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism

openness

down to earth — imaginative

conventional — original

conservative — liberal

conscientiousness

lazy — hardworking

late — punctual

aimless — ambitious

extraversion

reserved — affectionate

loner — joiner

unfeeling — passionate

agreeableness

ruthless — softhearted

stingy — generous

critical — lenient

neuroticism

calm — worrying

hardy — vulnerable

comfortable — self conscious

good tests

• reliable and valid