Numbers/Centering for Spine/Hip/Pelvis

C7–T1, about 1 in above jugular notch

Swimmer’s lateral — where is the CR centered?

3–5° caudad

Swimmer’s lateral — what CR angle may be used if the shoulder cannot be sufficiently depressed?

30° cephalad male; 35° cephalad female

For AP axial SI joints, what cephalad CR angle is used for males versus females?

25–30° posterior oblique

SI joint posterior oblique — how much is the patient rotated?

60–72 in

C-spine obliques — what SID is used?

15°-20 cephalad

AP oblique C-spine — what is the CR angle?

15°-20 caudad

What CR angle is used for PA oblique projections of the cervical spine?

L3, 1½ in above the iliac crest

AP/PA lumbar spine only — where is the CR centered?

L3; 1½ in above iliac crest and 2 in medial to elevated ASIS

Lumbar AP oblique — where is the CR centered?

Tip of chin and tips of mastoid processes

For the AP dens Fuchs method, which two landmarks must be vertically aligned?

MSP just distal to the tip of the chin

AP dens Fuchs method — where does the CR enter?

1½ in inferior to iliac crest and 2 in posterior to ASIS

Lateral L5–S1 spot — where is the CR centered?

1½ in superior to the pubic symphysis

AP axial L5–S1 (Ferguson) — where does the CR enter?

30–35° cephalad

AP axial L5–S1 (Ferguson) — what is the CR angle?

Coned-down

Lateral L5–S1 spot — what type of field/collimation is used?

15° cephalad:

AP axial sacrum — CR angle?

10° caudad

AP axial coccyx — CR angle?

25–30°

Posterior oblique SI joints — body rotation?

MSP at the level of the ASIS

Where is the CR centered for the AP axial inlet pelvis (Bridgeman method)?

15° posterior

What CR angle is used for the Clements-Nakayama axiolateral hip?

2" inferior to the ASIS of the affected elevated side

Where is the CR centered for the Judet internal/obturator oblique?

40–45° from vertical

For bilateral Modified Cleaves, approximately how far are the thighs abducted?

MSP 1" superior to the pubic symphysis

Where is the CR centered for the bilateral Modified Cleaves projection?

Affected femoral neck

Where is the CR centered for the unilateral Modified Cleaves projection?

Pubic symphysis

Where is the CR centered for the Judet external/iliac oblique?

20–35° cephalad

What CR angle is used for a male AP axial outlet pelvis (Taylor method)?

30–45° cephalad

What CR angle is used for a female AP axial outlet pelvis (Taylor method)?

MSP 2" inferior to the superior border of the pubic symphysis

Where is the CR centered for the AP axial outlet pelvis (Taylor method)?

15–20° internal rotation

How much are the legs rotated to place the femoral necks parallel with the IR for an AP pelvis or AP hip?

MSP midway between the ASIS and pubic symphysis, about 2" inferior to the ASIS

Where is the CR centered for a routine AP pelvis?

2" superior to the pubic symphysis

Where is the CR centered for an AP axial sacrum?

2" superior to the pubic symphysis

Where is the CR centered for an AP axial coccyx?

25–30° posterior oblique

How much is the patient rotated for posterior oblique SI joints?

1" medial to the elevated ASIS

Where is the CR centered for posterior oblique SI joints?

25–30° anterior oblique

How much is the patient rotated for anterior oblique SI joints?

1" medial to the ASIS closest to the IR

Where is the CR centered for anterior oblique SI joints?

MSP, 2" inferior to the ASIS

Where is the CR centered for an AP axial SI joint projection?

At the level of the ASIS and 3½" posterior

Where is the CR centered for a lateral sacrum?

2" inferior to the ASIS and 3½" posterior

Where is the CR centered for a lateral coccyx?