AP Human Geography Unit 2 Vocabulary

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Last updated 5:33 AM on 10/4/26
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20 Terms

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Agricultural density

The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture.


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Arithmetic density

The total number of people divided by the total land area.

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Census

A complete account of a population.

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Crude Birth Rate (CBR

The total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society.


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Crude Death Rate (CDR)

The total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society

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Demography

The scientific study of population characteristics

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Dependency Ratio

The number of people under the age of 15 and over age 64 compared to the number of people active in the labor force.

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Doubling Time

The number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase.

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Ecumene

The portion of Earth’s surface occupied by permanent human settlement.

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Epidemiologic Transition

Distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition.

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Infant Mortality Rate

The total number of deaths in a year among infants under 1 year old for every 1,000 live births in a society.

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Life Expectancy

The average number of years an individual can be expected to live

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Natural Increase Rate (NIR)

The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate.

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Overpopulation

The number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living.


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Pandemic

Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population.


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Physiological density

The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture.


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Population Pyramid

A bar graph representing the distribution of population by age and sex.


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Sex ratio

The number of males per 100 females in the population.

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Total Fertility Rate

The average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years.


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Zero Population Growth

A decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero.