frogs of FL 4462C

True Frog Family

Ranidae

-Distinct tympanum

-dorsolateral ridges

Easiest way to identify ranids? 2 ways

Vibrating membrane that detects sound waves (important for reproduction)

Function of a typanum

Ranidae, all habitable continents

Which family of anurans is the most widely distributed? Where can it be found?

-External fertilization

-Lack ribs

-Diurnal or Nocturnal

-Smooth skin, narrow waist, sexual dimorphism (females larger)

-7 procoelous & 1 amphicoelous vertebrae

Gimme some traits of Ranidae (not tympanum or ridges)

The Americas

Lithobates are on which continents? (genus lithobates)

Eurasia

Where can you find Rana? (genus rana)

Lithobates capito (Gopher Frog [Matt's favorite])

Who's that pokemon?

-oversized head & mouth

-paired lateral vocal sacs

-grey-brown w/ irregular spotting & gold dorsolateral ridges

- utilize gopher tortoise burrows, like sandy areas

-call sounds like they're snoring

-Near threatened

-Everywhere in FL except beyond Everglades

Traits of L. capito

Lithobates catesbeianus (Bullfrog)

Who's that pokemon?

-no dorsolateral ridges

-huge tympanum

-green head brown body with white speckling

-call sounds like a revving engine or fast car going by

- tip of longest hindtoe is not webbed [flipping me off :( ]

-invasive in South FL, common throughout central/North FL. least concern

traits of L. catesbeianus

Lithobates grylio (Pig frog)

WHo's that pokemon?

-no dorsolateral ridges

-green head, black body

-point snout

-white spots towards belly (very evident on specimen, has horizontal stripes)

-primary species found in Everglades

-least concern

L. grylio traits

Lithobates clamitans (Bronze Frog)

WHo's that pokemon?

-dorsolateral ridges DONT REACH GROIN

-bronze color w/ light throat

-tympanum larger than eyes

- only ranid found in closed canopy forests

-least concern

L. clamitans traits

Lithobates heckscheri (River Frog)

Who's that pokemon?

-no dorsolateral ridges

- brown with black markings

-piano-key-patterned mouth

-west panhandle & central FL

-swampy rivers & lakes; least concern

L. heckscheri traits

Lithobates sphenocephalus (Southern Leopard Forg)

Who's that pokemon?

-white dorsolateral ridges

-white spot in tympanum center, brown-green body with dark brown bars

-semiaquatic, live in wetlands like swamps

-least concern

L. sphenocephalus traits

Lithobates virgatipes (Carpenter Frog)

Who's that pokemon? no specimen

-4 dorsolateral stripes

-least concern

-sounds like 2 carpenters hammering away

L. virgatipes traits

-Bufonidae

-Microhylidae

-Scaphiopodidae

drop and give me 3 toad families

"True toads" family

define Bufonidae

-warty skin

- shorty hindlegs for hopping

-no teef :/

-parotoid glands behind eyes produce poison

-nonnative in only australia & antarctica

-4 native & 1 introduced in FL

traits of Bufonidae

Anaxyrus quercicus (Oak Toad)

who's that pokemon?

-black-orange-grey coloration (Pygmy rattler colors)

-orange underside on front feet

-pine flatwoods, sandhills & scrubs

-harmed by fire suppression & habitat loss

-call sounds like an adorable lazer (pew pew pew pew)

-least concern by IUCN

A. quercicus traits

Anaxyrus fowleri (Fowler's Toad)

who's that pokemon?

-gray/tan

-narrow vertebral stripe, black bordered blotches across body

-rivers & bottomlands

-damage to dunes & agricultural some of threats

-near Threatened

A. fowleri traits

Anaxryrus terrestris (Southern Toad)

who's that pokemon?

-gray-tan-brick red color

-brown blotches

-cranial crests

-most terrestrial habitats

-call is high pitch trill like "REEEEEEE (like your laptop fan is having a stroke)"

-facing habitat loss

-least concern

A. terrestris traits?

Rhinella horribilis (Cane Toads)

who's that pokemon?

-huge paratoid glands look like shoulder pads

-yellow, brown,olive color w/ angry face

-invasive in FL (from central america)

- human-altered and scrub habitats

-calls are low, deep, rolling croaks (scary sound cause invasive)

-least concern

R. horribilis traits

Narrow-mouthed Frogs

Microhylidae

-small mouth

-lack visible tympanum

-1 species in FL

traits of Microhylidae. how many species in FL?

gastrophryne carolinensis (Eastern Narrow-mouthed Toad)

who's that pokemon?

-gray or brown color w/ speckling on sides

-teardrop shape body

-smooth skin w/ eye fold to protect from ants

-call is MEEEEEEEP

-moist, nonmarine habitats

-least concern

G. carolinensis traits

Scaphiopus holbrookii (Eastern Spadefoot Toad)

who's that pokemon?

-tan, yellowish brown

-blunt snout

-2 light longitudal lines make hourglass shape

-spadefoot!!!

-call sounds like "UGGGGH"

-mesic to xeric pines

-habitat loss by upland development

-least concern

S. holbrookii traits

"Tree frogs (and their allies)" family

Hylidae

-claw-shaped terminal phalanges

-wide diversity across terrestrial, aquatic, and arboreal frogs

-slim waist, long limbs, forward facing eyes

-type 4 tadpoles

Hylidae traits

New World Tree Frogs

Dryophytes

Dryophytes cinereus (Green treefrog)

who's that pokemon?

-bright green w/ white stripe from mouth (small yellow spots along back)

- generalist species

-quacking sound (bro sounds desperate)

-strictly aquatic during hibernating & mating season

-negatively impacted by invasives, sound pollution & habitat alteration

-least concern

traits of D. cinereus

Dryophytes chrysoscelis (Cope's Gray Treefrog)

who's that pokemon?

-gray color w/ lichen patterns

-rough skin w/ white patch beneath eye

-hardwood forests

-high pitch, trilling call

-least concern

D. chrysoscelis traits

Dryophytes femoralis (Pine woods Treefrog)

who's that pokemon?

-gray-red-brown colors

-spots on thighs

-dark irregular lines thru eyes

-morse code or cicada call (rapid fire)

-Pine Flatwoods

-least concern

D. femoralis traits

Dryophytes gratiosus (Barking Treefrog)

who's that pokemon?

-variable color but often bright green w/ dorsal spotting

-milk-moustache on upperlip

-Various wooded habitats

-hollow "booonk" call

-least concern

D. gratiosus traits

Dryophytes squirellis (Squirrel Treefrog)

who's that pokemon?

-variable colors, smooth skin

-dark bar or spot behind eye

-indeterminate growth

-raspy quack call

-most habitats, open woods

-least concern

D. sqiurellis traits

Bony skull TreeFrogs

Osteopilus

-bony skull

-large tympanum

-reduced webbing

Osteopilus traits

Osteopilus septentrionalis (Cuban Treefrog)

who's that pokemon?

-gray-tan-brown w/ dorsal spots

-big ol' toepads, blueish bones

-invasive in FL, native to Cuba & Caribbean

-balloon-like trill

-least concern

O. septentrionalis traits

Family of Chorus Frogs

Pseudacris

-North American

-5 native to FL

-tiny tiny

-terrrestrial

Pseudacris traits

Pseudacris crucifer (Spring Peeper)

who's that pokemon?

-tan brown with x shape band across back

-spotted bellies

-peeping call "peep"

-threatened by burning & clear cutting

-least concern

P. crucifer traits

Pseudacris ferarium (Upland Chorus Frog)

who's that pokemon? no specimen

-brown with broken stripes

-warm brown tympanum

-ambush predators

-call sounds like running a finger across a comb

P. ferarium traits

Pseudacris ocularis (Little Grass Frog)

who's that pokemon?

Pseudacris nigrita (Southern Chorus Frog)

who's that pokemon?

-smallest frog in North America!

-call sounds like twinkling

-pointy snout withdark band across eye

-moist, wet grassy areas

-least concern

traits of P. ocularis

-tan brown w/ 3 rows of spots down back

-point snout, white moustache

-metallic trill call

traits of P. nigrita

Pseudacris ornata (Ornate Chorus Frog)

who's that pokemon?

- 1 solid color (brown,orange,green) on back with light belly, band across eye

-lateral splotches from snout to groin

-woody areas or burrows w/ cover

-panhandle & northern florida

-in decline since 1970s

traits of P. ornata

Acris gryllus (Southern Cricket Frog)

Who's that pokemon?

- tiny lil guy

-obvious "Y" shape across back

-marbles clinking together type call

-wetlands w/ low grassy vegetation (like mineral marsh!)

-

traits of A. gryllus

Eleutherodactylus planirostris (Greenhouse frog)

who's that pokemon?