year 8 energy revision

Define energy and state its unit (Joules or J)

The capacity to do work, and its standard unit is joule (J)

Convert kilojoules (kJ) to joules (J)

1kJ is equal to 1000J

Define kinetic energy

The energy of movement. Eg: a cat jumping

Define sound energy

Caused by the vibration of particles. Eg: a speaker playing music

Define heat energy

Energy transferred from a warmer object to a cooler object. Eg: A heater

Define electrical energy

Moving electrons. Eg: power lines

explain how mass and speed of an object affects its kinetic energy

The greater an object's mass and speed, the more kinetic energy it has.

Define potential energy

It is stored energy an object has because of its position or condition. Eg: rock on a cliff

Define elastic potential energy

Energy stored when an object is stretched or compressed. Eg: stretching a bow

Define chemical potential energy

Energy stored in chemical bonds. Eg: food providing energy

Define gravitational potential energy

Energy stored in an object because of its height or position.Eg: a skydiver high in the sky

explain how mass and height affects potential energy

The greater an object's mass and height, the more gravitational potential energy it has.

Define energy transformation and provide examples of energy transformation

When energy changes from one type to another. Eg:A light bulb transforms electrical energy into light energy and heat energy.

Define energy transfer and provide examples of energy transfer

Energy passed from one object or place to another without changing form. Eg: A soccer player kicks a ball, transferring kinetic energy from their foot to the ball.

State whether a situation represents an energy transfer, transformation or both

Both would be a toaster transfering electrical energy from the power point to the toaster and transforms it into heat energy to toast the bread

Define conduction and an example of it

Heat that is transferred between two objects that are in direct contact.Eg: holding a hot mug

Define convection and an example of it

Heat flows due to movement of liquid or gas particles. Eg: