Quiz 2- Harder Parts
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34 Terms
What is hypersensitivity?
An exaggerated or inappropriate immune response that can cause tissue damage.
What are the 3 types of hypersensitivity in this study guide?
Type I, Type II, and Type III.
What is Type I hypersensitivity called?
Anaphylactic hypersensitivity.
What causes Type I hypersensitivity?
An IgE-mediated immediate allergic response.
What is the key word for Type I hypersensitivity?
Immediate.
What are examples of Type I hypersensitivity?
Food allergies, medication allergies, bee stings, asthma, and allergic rhinitis.
What symptoms can occur with Type I hypersensitivity?
Hives, itching, swelling, wheezing, and difficulty breathing.
What is Type II hypersensitivity called?
Cytotoxic hypersensitivity.
What happens during Type II hypersensitivity?
Antibodies attack and destroy specific cells or tissues.
What antibodies are commonly involved in Type II hypersensitivity?
IgG or IgM antibodies.
What is the key idea of Type II hypersensitivity?
Cell destruction.
What is an example of Type II hypersensitivity?
A mismatched blood transfusion reaction.
What is another example of Type II hypersensitivity?
Hemolytic disease of the newborn.
What is Type III hypersensitivity called?
Immune complex hypersensitivity.
What happens during Type III hypersensitivity?
Antigen-antibody complexes form and deposit in tissues, causing inflammation.
What is the key idea of Type III hypersensitivity?
Immune complexes cause inflammation.
What is an example of Type III hypersensitivity?
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
What is another example of Type III hypersensitivity?
Serum sickness.
How can you remember Type I hypersensitivity?
Type I = Immediate allergy.
How can you remember Type II hypersensitivity?
Type II = Cells are destroyed.
How can you remember Type III hypersensitivity?
Type III = Immune complexes cause inflammation.
What does a CD4 T cell count indicate?
It indicates how strong the immune system is in a person with HIV.
What does a high CD4 count generally indicate?
A stronger, healthier immune system.
What does a low CD4 count indicate?
A weakened immune system and increased risk for infections.
What CD4 count is generally considered normal?
About 500-1,500 cells/mm³.
What CD4 count is associated with asymptomatic HIV?
Generally 500 cells/mm³ or higher.
What does asymptomatic HIV mean?
The person has HIV but may not have noticeable symptoms.
What CD4 count is associated with symptomatic HIV?
About 200-499 cells/mm³.
What does symptomatic HIV mean?
The person has HIV-related symptoms and a weakened immune system.
What CD4 count indicates AIDS?
Less than 200 cells/mm³.
What does a CD4 count below 200 indicate?
Severe immunosuppression and an AIDS diagnosis.
What happens to infection risk as the CD4 count decreases?
The risk of opportunistic infections increases.
What is the most important CD4 number to remember for AIDS?
Less than 200 cells/mm³.
What is the easiest way to remember CD4 levels?
500+ = generally asymptomatic; 200-499 = symptomatic; below 200 = AIDS.