UA Book Q's Chp. 5

The color of normal urine is due to the pigment

urochrome

A single substance can impart different colors to urine depending on the

1. amount of the substance present.

2. storage conditions of the urine.

3. pH of the urine.

4. structural form of the substance.

Which of the following urine characteristics provides the best rough indicator of urine concentration and body hydration?

Color

Which of the following pigments deposits on urate and uric acid crystals to form a precipitate described as “brick dust”?

Uroerythrin

Bilirubin Urine Pigment is

Yellow & Orange

Biliverdin Urine Pigment is

Green

Hemoglobin Urine Pigment is

Red & Brown

Myoglobin Urine Pigment is

Brown & Red

Porphobilinogen Urine Pigment is

Purple & Red

Urobilin Urine Pigment is

Orange & Brown

Urobilinogen Urine Pigment is

Colorless

Urochrome Urine Pigment is

Yellow

Uroerythrin Urine Pigment is

Pink

What criteria should be used to consistently evaluate urine color & clarity

1. Mix all specimens well.

2. Use the same depth or volume of a specimen.

3. Evaluate the specimens at the same temperature.

What urine specimen does not indicate the possible presence of blood or hemoglobin.

Cloudy, amber urine

A urine that produces a large amount of white foam when mixed should be suspected to contain increased amounts of

protein

What substances can change the color of a urine and its foam?

Bilirubin

The clarity of a well-mixed urine specimen that has visible particulate matter and through which newsprint can be seen but not read should be described as

cloudy

List all substances that can present in urine as Pathologic

• Bacteria (fresh urine)

• Fat

• RBC

• Renal epithelial cells

• WBC

• Yeast

List all substances that can present in urine as Non pathologic

• Bacteria (old urine)

• Powder

• Radiographic contrast media

• Spermatozoa

• Squamous epithelial cells

• Urate Crystals

a normal urine sample is

a clear yellow urine specimen that becomes cloudy upon refrigeration

A white or beige precipitate in a “normal” alkaline urine most likely is caused by

amorphous phosphate

What can cause a sweet, fruity urine

• Diabetes mellitus

• starvation

What can cause a Pungent, fetid urine odor

UTI

What can cause a Faintly aromatic urine odor

Normal urine

What can cause a bleach urine odor

Specimen aulteration

what can cause an ammonia-like urine odor

• old, improperly stored urine

• specimen alteration

• UTI

Which of the following specific gravity values is

physiologically impossible?

1.000

The refractive index of a solution is affected by the

1. wavelength of light used.

2. size and number of the solutes present.

3. concentration of the solution.

4. temperature of the solution.

Advantages of the refractometry method for specific gravity measurement include:

1. It uses a small amount of sample.

2. It is fast and easy to perform.

3. It automatically compensates for temperature.

The principle of the reagent strip method for measuring specific gravity is based on

the pKa of a polyelectrolyte decreasing in proportion to the ionic concentration of the specimen.

Ionic specific gravity (SG ionic) measurements obtained using reagent strips provide useful clinical information because

it reflects the ability of the kidneys to concentrate urine with the reabsorption and secretion of ionic solutes.

Which of the following solutes is measured when using the reagent strip specific gravity method?

Sodium