Science Practice

Science Practice: Chapter 3: Cells

What is the function of a mitochondrion?

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell. They store energy for the cell.

What is the function of a chloroplast?

Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells that convert light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis, producing glucose and oxygen. They contain chlorophyll for this function.

What is a cell membrane?

A cell membrane is a biological barrier that surrounds and protects the cell, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It is composed of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins.

What is the function of the nucleus?

The nucleus is the control center of the cell, containing genetic material (DNA) that regulates cell growth, metabolism, and reproduction. It is surrounded by a nuclear membrane that protects its contents.

What is the cell wall?

A cell wall is a rigid layer located outside the cell membrane, providing structural support and protection to plant cells, fungi, and some bacteria. It is composed primarily of cellulose in plants.

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

The cytoplasm is the jelly-like structure within a cell which helps with chemical reactions.

What is the function of the ribosome?

The ribosome creates protein.

What is the function of the red blood cell?

The red blood cell circulates blood around the body.

What is the function of the nerve cell?

The nerve cell transmits signals, or electrical impulses to different parts of the body.

What is the function of the root hair cell?

The root hair cell absorbs water and mineral salts from the soil around it.

What is the function of the white blood cell?

The white blood cell keeps harmful viruses and bacteria from infecting the body.