Anatomy 2 Chapter 14 Lesson 1 (Heart)

Cardiovascular System

Supplies the body’s transportation needs

When does the heart beat?

Day and Night

What is the size of the heart?

A closed fist

What shape is the heart?

Triangular

Where is the heart located?

In the center of the chest (mediastinum)

What portion of the heart is on the left side?

2/3

What portion of the heart is on the right side?

1/3

What is the apex?

The blunt point of lower edge of the heart and it lies on the diaphragm pointing to the left

Is the heart hollow?

Yes

How many chambers are in the heart?

4

Left and Right Atria

Upper, receiving chambers, smaller than ventricles, less muscular/thinner walls, both atria form earlier outpouching (auricle)

Interatrial Septum

Septum between atrial chambers

Left and Right Ventricles

Lower, pumping chambers (discharging chambers)

Interventricular Septum

Septum between ventricles

Myocardium

Heart muscle tissue

Endocardium

Thin layer of very smooth tissue that lines each chamber of the heart

Pericardium

2 layers of tissue with small space between (covers heart)

What are the two kinds of the pericardium?

Visceral and Parietal

Visceral Pericardium

covers the heart the way an apple skin covers and apple (inner layer)

Parietal Pericardium

fits around the heart like a loose fitting sack (outer layer) enough room to beat

Pericardial fluid

Fluid between the heart and the pericardial sac that acts as a lubricant

Superior and Inferior Vena Cava

Send blood into the right atrium

Pulmonary Veins

Send blood into the left atrium from the lungs (4 of them)

Pulmonary Artery

Artery that the right ventricle pumps blood out of

Aorta

Artery that the left ventricle pumps blood out of

What is the largest vessel in the body?

Aorta

What are the two types of AV Valves?

Bicuspid/Mitral and Tricuspid

Bicuspid Valve

Valve between the left atrium and ventricle, prevents backflow of blood into atria when ventricles contract

Tricuspid Valve

Valve between the right atrium and ventricle, to prevent the backflow of blood

Chordae Tendineae

Stringlike structures that attach the AV Valves to the wall of the ventricles

Semilunar Valves

Valves between the two ventricles and the large arteries carrying blood out of them (aorta and pulmonary artery)