classical orders in architecture

doric order

the simplest of the classical Greek architectural styles, featuring unadorned columns with no base

ionic order

classical Greek architectural style that features a fluted column shaft, capitals with volutes (spiral scroll-like ornaments) and a large base

corinthian order

Most ornate of the orders- contains a base, a fluted column shaft, and the capital is elaborate and decorated with leaf carvings

pediment

the triangular top of a temple that contains sculpture

cornice

projecting molding on building (usually above columns or pillars)

frieze

a broad horizontal band of sculpted or painted decoration, especially on a wall near the ceiling.

entablature

a horizontal, continuous lintel on a classical building supported by columns or a wall, comprising the architrave, frieze, and cornice.

architrave

a plain, unornamented lintel on the entablature

column

an upright pillar, typically cylindrical, supporting an arch, entablature, or other structure or standing alone as a monument.

column shaft

The vertical segment of a column between the base and the capital.

fluting

a series of shallow concave grooves, vertical on the shaft of a column.

capital

top part of an ionic column

which column is this

Corinthian column

acanthus leaf

Motif in classical architecture found on Corinthian columns

base

bottom part of corinthian columns

Buttresses

a projecting support of stone or brick built against a wall

corbels

stone projections in the walls which acted like brackets to support parapets

dome

a rounded vault forming the roof of a building or structure, typically with a circular base.

drum

the upright part of a building on which a dome is raised

hemicycle

semicircular form or structure

oculus

the round central opening of a dome

Mosaic

Art consisting of a design made of small pieces of colored stone or glass

Obelisk

a stone pillar, typically having a square or rectangular cross section and a pyramidal top, set up as a monument or landmark.

chapel

A building or designated area of a building in which services are conducted.

Gothic style

type of European architecture that developed in the Middle Ages, characterized by flying buttresses, ribbed vaulting, thin walls, and high roofs