COMM1000 Midterm Notes

Provide the definition of Rhetoric

Influence

Five Canons of Rhetoric: Invention =

Speaker

Five Canons of Rhetoric: Arrangement =

Organization

Five Canons of Rhetoric: Style =

Verbal

Five Canons of Rhetoric: Delivery =

Nonverbal

Five Canons of Rhetoric: Memory =

Extemporaneous

Identify the four fundamental features found in every public speech

Speaker, audience, message, purpose

Identify the three general speech purposes

Occasion, to inform, to persuade

Identify the three Communication Models through which effective communication can be evaluated (A)

Action = 1 way, mediated. A one-way, static process where a sender transmits a message to a receiver with no feedback

Identify the three Communication Models through which effective communication can be evaluated (I)

Interaction = 2 way, mediated. A two-way process that adds feedback, though it still treats sending and receiving as separate, alternating turns rather than a simultaneous loop

Identify the three Communication Models through which effective communication can be evaluated (T)

Transaction = 2-way, unmediated. A dynamic, circular, and continuous exchange where participants co-create meaning together

Example of Action Communication Model

A professor writes homework instructions on a classroom board. The students read or listen to the instructions and do not respond.

Example of Interaction Communication Model

A text message exchange or an email conversation where two people take turns sending messages and waiting for feedback.

Example of Transaction Communication Model

A face-to-face conversation between two friends deciding where to eat, where both people send, receive, and react to verbal and non-verbal cues at the exact same time.

Identify the Five Principles of Communication according to the Transaction Model of Communication

Simultaneous, unrepeatable, irreversible, contextual, unintentional

Identify the five strategies a speaker can use to improve audience listening

Relevant topic, direct thesis, clear main points, vivid development, visual aid

Informative Speech Organizational Patterns: Topical

Presents the content in order of subtopics, or the constituent parts – qualities, influences, features, functions, roles, players.

Informative Speech Organizational Patterns: Chronological

Presents the elements of the presentation according to time sequence. This allows the study of the history of an issue, the sequence of important events, the growth or decline of elements relevant to your presentation.

Informative Speech Organizational Patterns: Spatial

Presents elements according to the way they appear in space, geographically, and visually.

Informative Speech Organizational Patterns: Causal

Order of cause and effect that examines the various elements in terms of the potential causes of a problem or explains how a single cause may have many effects.

Informative Speech Organizational Patterns: Narrative

Organizes main ideas in order of sequence and includes fundamental storytelling elements including characters, setting, plot and vivid imagery

Informative Speech Organizational Patterns: Circular

Organizes the main ideas in relation to each other, ultimately leading back to the original thesis statement

Informative Speech Organizational Patterns: Compare-Contrast

Clusters the content elements by commonalties and differences.

Informative Speech Organizational Patterns: Points of View

Presents the content elements from various perspectives, such as political, economical, social, religious, etc.

Identify the essential features of an effective speech introduction

Attention-getter, credibility, relevance, thesis, preview main points

Identify the essential features of an effective speech conclusion

Signal closing, restate thesis, summarize main points, impactful remark