chem 3

Wavelength

Distance between wave peaks

Frequency

Number of wave cycles per second

Photoelectric effect

Light can eject electrons from metal

Higher frequency

Higher energy per photon

Absorption

Electron moves to a higher energy level

Emission

Electron moves to a lower energy level

Ground state

Lowest energy level,

Excited state

Electron is at a higher energy level

Line spectrum

Unique pattern of wavelengths for an element

Line spectrum

A pattern of specific wavelengths of light unique to an element.

Ground state

The lowest-energy state of an atom.

Excited state

A state in which an electron has higher energy than its ground state.

Emission

An electron moves to a lower energy level and releases a photon.

Absorption

An electron absorbs a photon and moves to a higher energy level.

Wave particle duality

The idea that matter and light can behave as both waves and particles.

De broglie wavelegnth

The wavelength associated with a moving particle.

Heisenberg uncertainty principle

An electron's position and velocity cannot both be known precisely at the same time.

Wavefunction (ψ)

A mathematical function used to describe an electron's quantum state.

Atomic orbital

A three-dimensional region where an electron is likely to be found.

What orbital shape when l = 0

S

What orbital shape when l = 1

P

What orbital shape when l = 2

D

What orbital shape when l = 3

F

V (nu)

Frequency (how often a wave passes a given point per second)

λ (Lamda)

Wavelength (distance from one wave to the next)

What is the relationship between frequency (v) and wavelength (λ)

When frequency increases wavelength decreases. When frequency decreases wavelength increases

What is the speed of light?

3.00 × 10^8 m/s

What is the symbol c?

Speed of light

Wave is λ measured in?

Meters

What is V measured in?

Seconds

What happens to wavelength when you move toward the right

It decreases

What happens to frequency when you move toward the right

It increases

Frequency (f)

Number of complete cycles that pass a point each second (hertz)

What is frequency measured in

Hertz (hz)

period (T)

The time for 1 complete wave cycle to pass a point

What is the range of visual light

400-700nm

When does ionization energy increase?

Left to right and Down to up on pt

When does electronegativity increase?

Left to right and bottom to top of pt

When does atomic radius increase?

Right to left and top to bottom

What does the Pauli exclusion principal state?

No two electrons can have the same quantum number

What is the most electronegative element?

Fluorine

How can you tell which bond is most polar?

Use fluorine and the bond with the largest electronegativity the more polar

Which elements can expand its octet?

Elements in the third period (row) and below

What does h stand for?

Plancks relation (6.626×10^-34 J/s)

What is the equation for frequency?

f=c/λ

What is the equation for photon energy?

E=hxf

What does E equal?

The energy of a single electron

How to determine the formal charge?

Valence electrons-dots-lines

What is that weird symbol on the kinetic energy equation sheet?

The activation energy of the metal, the energy required to free the electron when it is the correct frequency to bounce atoms off the metal