Anatomy muscle actions and attachments for lab

Temporalis

Origin: parietal bone; insertion: coronoid process of the mandible

Scalenes

Origin: cervical transverse processes; insertion: first and second ribs

Deltoid

Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

Infraspinatus

Infraspinous fossa of the scapula

Biceps brachii

Short head: coracoid process; long head: just above the glenoid cavity; common insertion: radial tuberosity

Triceps brachii, long head

Long head: just below the glenoid cavity; common insertion: olecranon process of the ulna

Rectus femoris

Ilium to patella via quadriceps tendon; patellar ligament continues to tibial tuberosity

Sartorius

Ilium to medial surface of the tibia, just below the knee joint

Gracilis

Pubis to proximal medial surface of the tibia

Gastrocnemius

Medial and lateral femoral condyles to calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

Trapzius

Elevates, depresses, rotates, and adducts the scapula

Rhomboid major and minor

Adduct and elevate the scapula

Levator scapulae

Elevates scapula

Pectoralis minor

Protracts and depresses the scapula

Serratus anterior

Protracts and depresses scapula

deltoid

Extends, flexes, and abducts the humerus

coracobrahilais

Adducts and flexes humerus

Teres major

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates scapula

subscapularis

Medially rotates humerus

supraspinatus

Abducts humorous

Infrapsinatus

Laterally rotates humerus

Teres minor

Laterally rotates humerus

Pectoralis major

Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates humerus

Latissimus dorsi

Adducts and extends the humerus

Biceps brachii

Flex the elbow and supinates the forearm

Triceps brachii

Extends forearm

Brachioradilailis

Flexes forearm

supinator

Supinate forearm

Pronator teres

Pronates forearm

Pronator quadratus

Pronates forearm

Flexor retinaculum

Holds down the tendons of the anterior surface of the wrist

Flexor carpi radialis

Flex and abduct hand

Palmaris longus

Flexes the hand; inserts into the palmar aponeurosis

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Flexes and adducts the hand

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Flexes the wrist and digits

Flexor digitorum profundus

Flexes the wrist and digits

Extensor retinaculum

Holds down the tendons of the posterior surface of the wrist

Extensor carpi radialis (longus & brevis)

Extends and abducts the hand

Extensor digitorum

Extends the hand and digits

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Extends and adducts the hand

Abductor pollicis longus

Abducts the thumb and weakly extends the wrist

Extensor pollicis longus

Extends the thumb and weakly extends the wrist

Thenar muscles

Abduct, flex, and oppose the pollex

Hypothenar muscles

Abduct, flex, and oppose the little finger

lumbricals

Flex digits 2-5

Palmar interossei

Adduct digits 2-5

Dorsal interossei

Abduct digits 2-5

Psoas major

Flexes the thigh

iliacus

Flexes the thigh

satoris

Flexes the thigh at the hip and the leg at the knee (opens legs)

Quadriceps femoris

Extend the leg at knee

Rectus femoris

Flex the thigh at the hip and extend the leg at the knee

Vastus lateralis

Extends the leg at the knee

Vastus medialis

Extends the leg at the knee

Vastus intermedius

Extends the leg at the knee

Adductor muscles (longis, brevis, magnus)

Adduct, flex, and laterally rotate the thigh

gracilis

Adduct the thigh and flex both the thigh and leg

Tensor fasciae latae

Abducts the thigh

Iliotibial tract

Abducts the thigh

Gluteus medius

Abducts and medially rotates the thigh

Gluteus maximus

Extends the thigh

Biceps femoris

Extends the thigh and flexes the leg

semitendious

Extends the thigh and flexes the leg

semimebranous

Extends the thigh and flexes the leg

Tibialis anterior

Dorsiflexion, inverts the foot

Extensor digitorum longus

Dorsiflexion, extends digits 2-5

Extensor hallucis longus

Dorsiflexion, extends the great toe

Fibularis longus

Everts the foot, weakly plantar flexes

Fibularis brevis

Everts the foot, weakly plantar flexes

Gastronemius

Flexes the leg, plantar flexion

Soleus

Plantar flexion

Extensor digitorum longus

extends digits 2-5

Tibialis posterior

Plantar flexion and inversion

Flexor hallucis longus

Plantar flexion and flexes the great toe

poplieus

Flexes and medially rotates the leg

Buccinator

Compresses cheek against teeth

Frontalis

Elevates eyebrows and wrinkles forehead

Occcipitalis

Retracts the scalp

Orbicularis Oculi

Eye movement (blinking, squinting)

Orbicularis Oris

Opens, closes, and puckers oral cavity

Platysma

Depresses lower lip

Temporalis

Elevates and retracts mandible

Masseter

Elevates and protracts mandible

Genioglossus

Depresses and protrudes tongue

Hyoglossus

Depresses the side of the tongue

Sternocleidomastoid

Flexes the neck by contracting both muscles; turns the head opposite when only one contracts

Suprahyoid muscles

Elevate the hyoid bone

Infrahyoid muscles

Depress or move the hyoid bone

Splenius capitius

Rotates head to the same side and extends neck when both contract

Erector spinae (Iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis)

Extend vertical column

External intercostals

Increases the diameter of the thoracic cavity via elevation of ribs

Internal intercostals

Decrease the dimensions of the thoracic cavity

Scalenes

Elevate the ribs during forced respiration

Thoracic Diaphragm

Flattens to increase vertical dimension of the thoracic cavity

Rectus Abdominis

Flexes vertebral column and compresses abdomen

External oblique

Compress abdomen, laterally rotate trunk, and flex vertebral column

Internal oblique

Compress abdomen, laterally rotate trunk, and flex vertebral column

Transversus abdominis

Compresses abdomen

Quadratus Lumborum

Extends the lumbar region and laterally flexes the vertebral column