Bone Structure (General + Long)

Anatomy/Physiology

Epiphysis

(epi= on, over upon) end of bones (proximal/distal); forms joints

Articular Cartilage

cushion on end of bones; hyaline cartilage.

Diaphysis

(dia=between) long portion

Periosteum

(Peri= around, oss= bone) covering on bone; tendons and ligaments are continuous with

Endosteum

Endo = (within) lines marrow cavity 

Compact bone

{cortical bone} - tightly packed tissue, forms wall of diaphysis

Spongy bone

{cancellous bone} - tissues with spaces, found on the epiphysis, reduces weight of bones

Epiphyseal disks

growth plates

Long (ex: Arms and legs)

long with expanded ends

Short (ex: Wrist and ankle bones)

equal length/width

Sesamoid bone (Ex: Patella)

develops in tendon

Flat (ex: Ribs, scapula, skull)

plate-like

Irregular (ex: Vertebrae, some facial)

varied shape