Heff Approach and 13 Types of Repetition - IB HL English Sem 1

Anaphora

REPETITION: repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of line: "we shall fight on beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the hills"

Antistrophe

REPETITION: repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive clauses: "japan invaded china - without warning. Italy invaded India - without warning"

Anadiplosis

Repetition: repeating the last word of a clause at the beginning of the next: "Talent is adornment; an adornment is also a concealment"

diacope

Repetition: repetition of a word with one or more between: "All lost! To prayers, to prayers! All lost!" (All lost)

Epizeuxis

REPETITION: Figure of emphasis in which the same word is repeated two or more times over in immediate succession: word, word, word

Polysyndeton

Repetition: use for rhetorical effect, of more conjunctions than is necessary or natural: "And to set forth, and to train according to it, and to help blah blah"

Alliteration

REPETITION: use of the same consonant at the beginning of each stressed syllable in a line or verse: peter piper picked

Consonance

Repetition: repetition of consonant sounds within or at the end of a word: east, west, test, trust, burst (st)

Assonance

Repetition: repetition of identical vowel sounds, especially in stressed syllables, with changes in the intervening consonants: A city that is set on a hill cannot be hid.

Antithesis

PARALLELISM: the presentation of two constrating images, juxtaposing them often in parallel structure. ideas are balanced by phrase clause or paragraphs: to be or not to be, it was the best of times, it was the worst of times

Anastrophe

Inversion: reversal of normal order of words (yoda)

chiasmus

Inversion: statement consisting of two parallel parts in which the second part is structurally reversed (Susan walked in, and out rushed Mary)

Antimetabole

Inversion: repetition of words in successive clauses in reverse grammatical order: you can take the boy out of the country, but you can't take the country out of the boy. (like chiasmus, only more specific)

Lyric Poem

type of poem: first person poem expressing personal emotions or feelings can also be paired with music

Sonnet Poem

type of poem: 14 line poem that uses a rhyming scheme

Ode Poem

type of poem: like a lyric poem that celebrates something

dramatic monologue

type of poem: in which a speaker addresses a silent listener. As readers, we overhear the speaker in a dramatic monologue.

narrative poem

type of poem: that tells a story

Ballad

type of poem: meant to be sung and is both lyric and narrative in nature

enjambment

structure: having no end punctuation at the end of a line

caesura

structure: pause in the middle of the line

commas

structure: set apart a word or phrase or after an interjection that expresses emotion: "oh, i did not see you there!"

period

structure: ends a declarative or an imperative sentence (a command)

ellipsis (...)

structure: indicates something has been left out

parantheses ( )

structure: used to add information

semicolon

structure: connects two independent clauses that are closely related

colon

structure: comes before a list

dash

structure: shows a sudden change of thought

question mark

structure: indicates an interrogative sentence

exclamation point

structure: indicates an exclamatory sentence and an interjection

cacophony

sound: harsh discordant sound: knock-kneed, we cursed through

Euphony

sound: inherent sweetness of the sound : chimes hush vermillion wisdom

Onomatopoeia

sound: sound of word mimics the sound it refers: buzz, crackle, boom

rhyme

sound: similarity of sounds

imagery

figurative - references that trigger the mind to fuse images what the hell am i writing

sight

visual

sounds

auditory

tastes

gustatory

smells

olfactory

touch

tactile

metaphor

comparison of two unlike objects

simile

like metaphor but using like, as or than

personification

give human characteristics to inanimate objects

synaesthesia

uses one sense in terms of a different sense "a green idea"

diction

word choice

lexical set

group of words or phrases that are about the same content topic or subject, e.g. weather - storm, to rain, wind, cloudy.