CTF Erasmus English 🇬🇧 — B1 → B2

Come è strutturato il corso?

How is the course structured? — Useful when asking about modules, assessment and timetable. | Category: Academic English

La frequenza è obbligatoria?

Is attendance compulsory? — compulsory = mandatory | Category: Academic English

Come verrà valutato l'esame?

How will the exam be assessed? — assess = evaluate | Category: Academic English

Quando è la scadenza per l'elaborato?

When is the deadline for the assignment? — assignment = written/course task | Category: Academic English

Dove posso trovare il materiale del corso?

Where can I find the course materials? — materials = slides, readings, handouts | Category: Academic English

Potrebbe ripetere l'ultima parte?

Could you repeat the last part, please? — Polite clarification. | Category: Academic English

Non sono sicura di aver capito questo punto.

I'm not sure I fully understand this point. — B2-style clarification. | Category: Academic English

Potrebbe chiarire cosa intende?

Could you clarify what you mean? — clarify = make clearer | Category: Academic English

Vorrei fare una domanda riguardo a…

I'd like to ask a question regarding… — regarding = about, more formal | Category: Academic English

Come si collega questo al concetto precedente?

How does this relate to the previous concept? — relate to = be connected with | Category: Academic English

Come potete vedere dalla slide precedente…

As you can see from the previous slide… — Common lecture phrase. | Category: Academic English

Analizziamo questo aspetto più nel dettaglio.

Let's take a closer look at this aspect. — take a closer look = examine | Category: Academic English

Vale la pena sottolineare che…

It is worth noting that… — Useful academic chunk. | Category: Academic English

La differenza principale risiede in…

The main difference lies in… — lie in = consist in | Category: Academic English

Questo porta a un aumento di…

This leads to an increase in… — lead to + noun | Category: Academic English

Questo determina una diminuzione di…

This results in a decrease in… — result in = cause | Category: Academic English

Al contrario, il secondo composto…

Conversely, the second compound… — conversely = in the opposite way | Category: Academic English

Inoltre, bisogna considerare…

Furthermore, we should consider… — furthermore = formal 'also' | Category: Academic English

Tuttavia, ci sono alcune limitazioni.

However, there are some limitations. — however = contrast | Category: Academic English

Nonostante questi risultati…

Despite these findings… — despite + noun/-ing, not a full clause | Category: Academic English

Secondo l'autore…

According to the author… — according to = as stated by | Category: Academic English

In base ai dati disponibili…

Based on the available data… — Common academic opener. | Category: Academic English

Da questo possiamo concludere che…

From this, we can conclude that… — conclude = reach a judgment | Category: Academic English

Questo argomento verrà trattato più avanti.

This topic will be covered later. — cover = deal with a topic | Category: Academic English

Questo va oltre lo scopo del corso.

This is beyond the scope of the course. — scope = range/limits | Category: Academic English

Quali capitoli dobbiamo studiare?

Which chapters are we expected to study? — be expected to = be required/supposed to | Category: Academic English

Devo consegnarlo online?

Do I need to submit it online? — submit = hand in | Category: Academic English

Ho perso una lezione la settimana scorsa.

I missed a lecture last week. — miss a lecture, not 'lose' | Category: Academic English

Sto cercando di recuperare le lezioni.

I'm trying to catch up on the lectures. — catch up on = reach the same level | Category: Academic English

Potresti condividere i tuoi appunti?

Could you share your notes with me? — notes = appunti | Category: Academic English

Ho preso appunti durante la lezione.

I took notes during the lecture. — take notes | Category: Academic English

Questo sarà incluso nell'esame?

Will this be covered in the exam? — covered = included/dealt with | Category: Academic English

L'esame è scritto o orale?

Is the exam written or oral? — Category: Academic English

Ci sono domande a risposta aperta?

Are there any open-ended questions? — open-ended = not multiple choice | Category: Academic English

Dobbiamo lavorare in gruppo.

We are required to work in groups. — be required to = must | Category: Academic English

Vorrei aggiungere qualcosa a questo punto.

I'd like to add something to this point. — Discussion phrase. | Category: Academic English

Sono d'accordo fino a un certo punto.

I agree to some extent. — to some extent = partly | Category: Academic English

Da un altro punto di vista…

From another point of view… — Category: Academic English

Potremmo interpretare i risultati diversamente.

We could interpret the results differently. — interpret = explain meaning | Category: Academic English

La questione principale è se…

The main issue is whether… — whether introduces alternatives/uncertainty | Category: Academic English

composto

compound — A substance formed from two or more elements. | Category: Chemistry English

miscela

mixture — A physical combination of substances. | Category: Chemistry English

soluto

solute — The substance dissolved in a solvent. | Category: Chemistry English

solvente

solvent — The substance that dissolves the solute. | Category: Chemistry English

soluzione

solution — A homogeneous mixture. | Category: Chemistry English

legame covalente

covalent bond — Category: Chemistry English

legame ionico

ionic bond — Category: Chemistry English

legame a idrogeno

hydrogen bond — Category: Chemistry English

peso molecolare

molecular weight — Also: molecular mass, depending on context. | Category: Chemistry English

massa molare

molar mass — Usually expressed in g/mol. | Category: Chemistry English

concentrazione

concentration — Category: Chemistry English

solubilità

solubility — Category: Chemistry English

punto di fusione

melting point — Category: Chemistry English

punto di ebollizione

boiling point — Category: Chemistry English

velocità di reazione

reaction rate — Category: Chemistry English

energia di attivazione

activation energy — Category: Chemistry English

equilibrio chimico

chemical equilibrium — Category: Chemistry English

resa della reazione

reaction yield — yield = amount obtained relative to expected amount | Category: Chemistry English

gruppo funzionale

functional group — Category: Chemistry English

catena laterale

side chain — Category: Chemistry English

struttura molecolare

molecular structure — Category: Chemistry English

proprietà chimiche

chemical properties — Category: Chemistry English

Il composto è costituito da…

The compound consists of… — consist of, not 'consists in' | Category: Chemistry English

La molecola contiene due gruppi funzionali.

The molecule contains two functional groups. — Category: Chemistry English

La reazione avviene in due fasi.

The reaction takes place in two steps. — take place = occur | Category: Chemistry English

La reazione produce due prodotti principali.

The reaction yields two main products. — yield can be a verb. | Category: Chemistry English

La velocità di reazione aumenta con la temperatura.

The reaction rate increases with temperature. — Category: Chemistry English

Il composto è scarsamente solubile in acqua.

The compound is poorly soluble in water. — poorly soluble = low solubility | Category: Chemistry English

Il composto è altamente solubile in etanolo.

The compound is highly soluble in ethanol. — Category: Chemistry English

La soluzione diventa torbida.

The solution becomes cloudy. — cloudy/turbid | Category: Chemistry English

Si forma un precipitato.

A precipitate forms. — Category: Chemistry English

Il precipitato viene separato per filtrazione.

The precipitate is separated by filtration. — Scientific passive. | Category: Chemistry English

La reazione raggiunge l'equilibrio.

The reaction reaches equilibrium. — Category: Chemistry English

Il pH viene regolato a 7,4.

The pH is adjusted to 7.4. — adjust = change to desired value | Category: Chemistry English

La soluzione viene diluita con acqua.

The solution is diluted with water. — Category: Chemistry English

La concentrazione viene espressa in moli per litro.

The concentration is expressed in moles per litre. — Category: Chemistry English

Il campione contiene tracce di impurità.

The sample contains traces of impurities. — traces = very small amounts | Category: Chemistry English

La purezza del composto è superiore al 98%.

The purity of the compound is above 98%. — Category: Chemistry English

Questa reazione è reversibile.

This reaction is reversible. — Category: Chemistry English

Il catalizzatore riduce l'energia di attivazione.

The catalyst lowers the activation energy. — lower = reduce | Category: Chemistry English

Il solvente evapora durante il processo.

The solvent evaporates during the process. — Category: Chemistry English

Il composto si decompone ad alte temperature.

The compound decomposes at high temperatures. — Category: Chemistry English

I reagenti vengono mescolati in rapporto 1:1.

The reactants are mixed in a 1:1 ratio. — ratio = rapporto | Category: Chemistry English

La reazione viene condotta a temperatura ambiente.

The reaction is carried out at room temperature. — carry out = perform | Category: Chemistry English

La struttura influenza le proprietà del composto.

The structure affects the properties of the compound. — affect = verb; effect = noun | Category: Chemistry English

La presenza del gruppo ossidrilico aumenta la polarità.

The presence of the hydroxyl group increases polarity. — Category: Chemistry English

Questo sostituente modifica l'attività della molecola.

This substituent alters the activity of the molecule. — alter = change | Category: Chemistry English

La molecola presenta due centri chirali.

The molecule has two chiral centres. — UK spelling centres; US centers. | Category: Chemistry English

I due composti hanno proprietà simili.

The two compounds have similar properties. — Category: Chemistry English

La stabilità dipende dal pH e dalla temperatura.

Stability depends on pH and temperature. — depend on | Category: Chemistry English

principio attivo

active ingredient — Also API = active pharmaceutical ingredient. | Category: Pharmaceutical English

eccipiente

excipient — Inactive component of a formulation. | Category: Pharmaceutical English

forma farmaceutica

dosage form — e.g. tablet, capsule, solution. | Category: Pharmaceutical English

compressa

tablet — Category: Pharmaceutical English

capsula

capsule — Category: Pharmaceutical English

sciroppo

syrup — Category: Pharmaceutical English

unguento

ointment — Category: Pharmaceutical English

cerotto transdermico

transdermal patch — Category: Pharmaceutical English

dose

dose — Category: Pharmaceutical English

dosaggio

dosage — Dosage can include amount + frequency. | Category: Pharmaceutical English