20 amino acids

Glycine-Gly-G

The simplest amino acid with non-polar side chain.

Alanine-Ala-A

A non-polar amino acid with a methyl group as its side chain.

Valine-Val-V

A branched-chain non-polar amino acid.

Leucine-Leu-L

An essential branched-chain non-polar amino acid.

Isoleucine-Ile-I

A non-polar amino acid that is an isomer of leucine.

Methionine-Met-M

A non-polar amino acid that contains sulfur.

Proline-Pro-P

A non-polar amino acid known for its cyclic structure.

Phenylalanine-Phe-F

An aromatic non-polar amino acid.

Tryptophan-Trp-W

An aromatic non-polar amino acid that contains indole.

Serine-Ser-S

A polar amino acid with a hydroxymethyl side chain.

Threonine-Thr-T

A polar amino acid with a hydroxyethyl side chain.

Cystine-Cys-C

A polar amino acid containing a sulfur atom.

Asparagine-Asn-N

A polar amino acid with an amide side chain.

Glutamine-Gln-Q

A polar amino acid that acts as an amide of glutamate.

Tyrosine-Tyr-Y

A polar amino acid derived from phenylalanine.

Aspartate-Asp-D

An acidic polar amino acid.

Glutamate-Glu-E

An acidic polar amino acid derived from glutamine.

Lysine-Lys-K

A basic polar amino acid with an amino group in its side chain.

Arginine-Arg-R

A basic polar amino acid with a guanidino group.

Histidine-His-H

A basic polar amino acid with an imidazole side chain.

Isomer

Molecules with the same formula but different structures.

Aromatic amino acids

Amino acids that contain an aromatic ring, affecting protein structure.

Cyclic aliphatic amino acids

Amino acids that have a cycle in their structure affecting stability.

Disrupts alpha-helices

Refers to amino acids that alter protein secondary structure.

Nonpolar

Hydrophobic, cluster tg, GAV LIMP FW

Polar

Hydrophilic, Neutral at pH 7, can form H-bond, STCNQY

Acidic (polar)

Hydrophilic, negative charge @ pH 7, has Carboxylic group w resonance, DE

Basic(Polar)

Positively charged @7 pH, KRH