rome/ byzantine empire vocab 1

etruscans

first people settle in Rome, held power in Rome

Republic

Citizens who have the right to vote select their leaders

Consuls

2 consuls led the government, led army and judicial systems, served a term of only one year

Senate

300 senate members - served for life, advised the consuls on finances, laws and in interaction either foreign countries and created laws

Tribunes

Represented common people and fought for their rights

Patricians

member of wealthy family- able to become senators

Plebians

Ordinary citizen- early Rome republic could not be senators

Praetors

Judges in Roman trials- helped develop rules for courts of law

Twelve tables

A set of laws that applied to everyone no matter the persons status

Carthage

A North African city, located in modern day, Tunisia

Hannibal

Carthages greatest general, almost destroyed Rome during second panic war

Julius Caesar

Military hero, inspired loyalty from troops with strong leadership, wins decisive battles

Ides of march

60 members of senate plot to kill him, march 15, 44 BC Julius caeser stabbed 23 times results in death

Second triumvirate

A political association of convenience between three of romes most powerful figure

Pax Romana

200 years of Roman peace and prosperity

The laws of nations

Code of law, developed later. Considered natural law or universal law based on reason

Spartacus

A gladiator who stood up to the Roman’s and defeated several different armies but was defeated in 71 BC

Insulae

Apartment buildings usually for ordinary, power people

Colosseum

A large amphitheater built in Rome

Aqueducts

Carried water over long distances