Computer Science Exam

HTML

Hypertext Markup Language

Creates webpage structure

Tag

Tells the browser how content should appear

<!DOCTYPE html>

Tells browser the file uses HTML5

Always appears first in file

<link>

Only void element that goes in the <head>

Comment

<!— hi —>

&nbsp

Non-breaking space, creates extra spacing

Hyperlinks

href (hypertext reference)

Absolute link

Links to another website

Relative link

Links to another file in your website

Block elements

Starts on a new line

Ex. <h1>

Inline elements

Stay on the same line

ex. <a>

Image tag

img src

Src

Source; location of image

Alt

Alternative text

Used for: accessibility, screen readers, and missing images

Void elements

Don’t need closing tags

Ex. <br>

CSS

Cascading style sheets,

Controls appearance

Inline CSS

<h1 style=“color:red;”>

Internal CSS

<style>

External CSS

<link rel=“stylesheet”

Href=“style.css”

<div>

Container element used to group content

Background images

Background-image:url(“fall.jpg”);

Background-size:cover;

Background-repeat:no-repeat;

Display:flex (flexbox)

Places items side-by-side

Flex-wrap

Moves items to next line when needed.

Justify-content

Controls alignment

Justify-content:center;

Gap

Space between items

Gap:20px

Tables

<table> creates a table

Tr

Creates a row

Th

Heading cell

Td

Regular cell

Rowspan

Spans multiple rows

Colspan

Spans multiple columns

Ctrl+A

Select all content in a document

Ctrl+X

Cut

Ctrl+Z

Undo