Human Sexuality Midterm 3

Definition of Birth Control

means of preventing a birth from taking place

Definition of Contraception

prevention of conception

Is abstinence a contraceptive or birth control?

birth control

Is withdraw a contraceptive or birth control?

birth control

How do IUD’s work as contraception?

prevent the sperm from fertilizing the egg

what does the Hormonal pill do to stop pregnancy?

-prevents ovulation

-thickens cervical mucus

-thins uterine walls

What are the other 2 forms of contraception besides hormonal methods and IUD’s?

barrier methods and spermicides

Hormonal Methods: Combined: What are the 2 hormones? What are the objects used?

estrogen and progestin

-combined pill

-patches

-rings

What are the pros and cons of the combined hormonal method?

Pros: reduced flow, less acne, can fight osteoperosis and some cancers

Cons: spotting, change in weight and sex drive, blood clots,

Hormonal Methods: Progestin only: What are the objects used?

-mini pill

-birth control shot

-implant (nexaplanon)

What are the pros and cons of progestin only hormonal methods?

Pros: no estrogen side effects, lower risk of blood clots

Cons: missing a pill has an effect and ectopic pregnancy

What is an ectopic pregnancy?

a fertilized egg that is anywhere other than the uterus

pros and cons of the birth control shot depo provera

pros: lasts 12 weeks, no estrogen effects

cons: visits need to be consistent and takes a couple months to get used to

pros and cons of birth control patch

Pro: placed on the skin, lasts 1 month

Cons: have to change every week and has estrogen side effects

Pros and Cons of Vaginal Ring (Nuvaring, Combined)

Pros: place the ring in the vagina every 28 days and more easily released

Cons: less effective for heavier people and those with a weak pelvic floor; side effects from estrogen

Pros and Cons of implants (nexaplanon)

Pros: dont have to change for 5 years, placed in the arm and forgotten about

Cons: Progestin only side effects

How are barrier methods a form of contraception?

It stops sperm form even meeting the egg

What genital uses an insertive condom?

a penis

what genital part uses a receptive condom (pouch)?

the vagina

What is a diaphram

-barrier method

-a rubber cup that is placed in the vagina to block the cervix

-can be put in ahead of time, but can also become dislodged

What is the sponge?

-barrier method

-round, plastic, foam that fits below the cervix with spermicide

-less effective for people who have given birth

what is spermicide?

a substance toxic to sperm

What are IUCs?

Intrauterine Contraceptives

-long acting, reversible, contraceptive method

-IUDs

what are LARCs?

long acting reversible contraceptives

What are the two different forms of IUDs?

Copper and Progestin (hormonal)

What does the Fertility Based Awareness (FBA) method use as a guide?

ovulation

What are the 4 different methods for Fertility Based Awareness?

-The Calender (best for those with regular cycles)

-Basal Body Temp (BBT)

-Cervical Mucus (clearest=most fertile)

-Symptothermal (combination of all 3 methods)

What awareness do people need to have if using Withdraw as birth control

-pre-orgasmic signals

-younger and inexperienced people should try not to use this method yet

What are Tubal Ligations used for?

Sterilization for females by tying off the fallopian tubes

-doesn’t change hormone levels

-regular menstrual cycles

What is a Vasectomy?

Male sterilization

-vans defrenes is cut

-is reversible and more safe than female sterilization methods

What is abortion?

Expulsion of the fetus

what is a spontaneous abortion?

death of fetus before it can live on its own (Miscarriage)

Abortion: What is the vaccum aspiration surgical method?

The cervix is dialated and the uterus is vacuumed

-used in the first trimester with local anesthesia

Abortion: What is the Dialation and Evacuation surgical method?

Dilation, curettage, and other procedures

-used in second trimester

-local/general anesthesia

Definition of Disability

a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities

What are the 4 main types of Disabilities?

Behavioral or Emotional

Sensory

Physical

Developmental

What are some assumptions that people make about the sexuality of disabled people?

-they don’t need sex

-they aren’t sexually atrractive/attracted

-they can’t have real sex

What are some risk factors of Breast Cancer?

-age

-genetic makeup

-lifetime exposure to estrogen

How can you detect Breast Cancer?

-mammogram (most effective)

-ultrasound

-MRI

How is breast cancer treated?

Surgery:

-Lumpectomy (removal of lump)

-Partial Masectomy (removes more normal tissue than the lumpectomy)

-Simple/Total Masectomy (removal of the entire breast, but not the lymph nodes)

-Modified Radical Masectomy (removal of the breast and some of the lymph node)

Radical Masectomy (removal of breast, lymph nodes, and chest wall muscles under breast)

Where is cerival cancer and how is it detected?

cancer of the cervix and it is detected with a Pap Smear

What is Endometriosis?

Growth of endometrial tissue (uterine lining) outward into the organs surrounding the uterus

What is Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder for women?

Absent/reduced sexual thoughts, fantasies, intitiation and receptivity, and absent/reduced arousal and pleasure during sexual activity

What is Erectile Dysfunction?

Difficulty with erections during partnered sexual activity