Chemistry Nomenclature and Reactions (Grade 11 4U)

Polyatomic formulas + names, naming prefixes, acid naming, hydrates, transition metal charges

Group 2 charges

2+

Group 1 charges

1+

Group 15 charges

3-

Group 16 charges

2-

Group 17 charges

1-

Charge of Cr

3+, 2+,6+

Charge of Fe

3+, 2+

Charge of Co

2+, 3+

Charge of Ni

2+, 3+

Charge of Cu

2+, 1+

Charge of Ag

1+

Charge of Au

3+, 1+

Charge of Zn

2+

Charge of Cd

2+

Charge of Hg

2+, 1+

Charge of Ga

3+

Charge of Sn

2+, 4+

Charge of Pb

2+, 4+

Prefix for 1

Mono

Prefix for 2

Di

Prefix for 3

Tri

Prefix for 4

Tetra

Prefix for 5

Penta

Prefix for 6

Hexa

Prefix for 7

Hepta

Prefix for 8

Octa

Prefix for 9

Nona

Prefix for 10

Deca

Nick, Camel, Salted, Clam, Phoenix

NO₃^-, CO₃^2-, SO₄^2-, ClO₃^-, PO₄^-3

Ammonium

NH₄⁺

Ammonia

NH₃

Acetate

C₂H₃O₂^-

Cyanide

CN^-

Hydroxide

OH^-

-2 oxygen name ending (polyatomic)

Hypo _ite

-1 oxygen name ending (polyatomic)

_ite

Regular ending (polyatomic)

_ate

+1 oxygen name ending (polyatomic)

per _ate

Transition metal + polyatomic ending: _ate

_ic (up)

Transition metal + polyatomic ending: _ite

_ous (down)

Hydrogen is added to the polyatomic ion

#of hydrogen atoms added = increase positive charge corresponding to the # of hydrogen atoms

O₃

Ozone

CH₄

Methane

H₂O₂

Hydrogen peroxide

Groups for all transition metals

3-11

When the charges are the same for a non-metal + non-metal (molecular)

Do not reduce charge notation (sub-script)

When the charges are the same for a metal + metal/polyatomic

Reduce charge notation (sub-script)

Binary acid name

Hydro _ic acid

Oxyacid

Acids that have a hydrogen with a polyatomic ion

Oxyacid name (_ate)

_ic acid

Oxyacid name (_ite)

_ous acid

When naming oxyacid name with Per or Hypo

Follows Ate - ic acid and Ite - ous acid naming rules

Hydrates

Compound * water compounds [compound multiplied by H and O with different # notion (sub-script)]

Fluorate

FO₃^-