engineering design quiz 2

Two Latin words used to derive "Manufacture"

manu = by hand, factura = to make

Meaning of the term "Cottage" industry

farming families produced textiles in their homes to provide extra income

Founder of mass production

Scotsman Adam Smith

Origin and key driving force of the Industrial Revolution

Great Britain; the invention of the steam engine.

Frederick Taylor's influence on production (1850-1900)

scientific management.

Pioneers of industrial engineering

Frank Gilbreth, who invented time and motion study and process charting.

What influenced Ford to develop the assembly line?

The meat packing plant disassembly line.

Edward Deming's influence on modern manufacturing

quality control expert, variability, statistical methods.

Subtractive manufacturing processes in Ch 13.5.1

Turning, drilling, milling, lazer cutting, sanding

What type of process is laser cutting?

Subtractive

CNC

Computer numerical control

MRR

Material removal rate

FR

Feed rate

Material requiring the least energy to remove

Magnesium alloys

Additive manufacturing processes

Joining, rapid prototyping, stereolithography, 3D printing, layers of resin and fibers, welding

Extrusion and FDM 3D printing

3D printing is continuous extrusion because the plastic is continuously getting piped out

Thermoforming processing type

Net shape process

Brand and model of 3D printers used in class

prusa slicer i3/MK3 S+

Civil engineering skills: early builders vs. modern engineers

Early builders: intuition, experience, and trial-and-error with limited materials. Modern civil engineers: physics, math, computational methods, economics, and project management on a much larger scale.

Structural Engineer

Designs structures that support and resist loads.

Geotechnical Engineer

Builds foundations and ground work.

Water Resources Engineer

Infrastructure like water aqueducts, wells, and irrigation.

Transport Engineer

Deals with roads.

Two primary design factors for efficient structures

Stiffness (resistance to deformation) and Strength (resistance to loads).

FBD (Free Body Diagram)

Shows the forces acting on an object

What are the benefits of cement between stones/bricks?

Cement distributes compressive forces equally, and it can conform to the brick

Under what condition is cement not useful?

When it encounters a tension force

What is the condition for a crack to appeal in a wall?

Too much tension for the mortar to support

What is a thrust line?

How a non vertical force will distribute through the masonry joints of a wall.

What was one strategy to modify the thrust line and to counteract an oblique force?

An arch

Beam

Resists forces pushed perpendicularly

Joint

Where beams meet and forces are being applied.

Gusset Plate

Metal plates where joints of a truss is riveted together to keep it planar.

Truss

A structure using triangles, widely used for its strength to weight ratio.