APCHEM Unit 4

What is the electromagnetic radiation from the longest wavelength to the shortest wavelength? (3.11-3.12)

Radio, Microwave, IR, VIS, UV, X-ray, Gamma

What is Radio application? (3.11-3.12)

Nuclear spins (NMR)

What is Microwave application? (3.11-3.12)

Molecular rotations which help identify molecular shape

What is Infrared (IR) application? (3.11-3.12)

Bond/Molecular vibrations and stretching. Determining arrangement of neighboring atoms/groups.

What is Visible Light application? (3.11-3.12)

Absorbing atoms or molecules, Spectroscopy, conc. of a solution

What is UV Light application? (3.11-3.12)

Electron transitions and breaking bonds, Spectroscopy, conc. of a solution

What is X-Ray application? (3.11-3.12)

Electron ejection, can determine the identity of an atom, Photoelectron Spectroscopy

What relationship does wavelength and frequency have? (3.11-3.12)

Inverse

What relationship does frequency and energy have? (3.11-3.12)

Direct

What relationship does wavelength and energy have? (3.11-3.12)

Inverse

The speed of light is a what? (3.11-3.12)

Constant

In E=hv what measurement does E HAVE to be in? (3.11-3.12)

J/photon

What are the characteristics of a Paramagnetic compound or element? (1.5)

Any of its electrons are unpaired, and it is able to be attracted to a magnet.

What are the characteristics of a Diamagnetic compound or element? (1.5)

All its electrons are paired, and are repelled from magnetic fields.

All metals ____? (1.5)

Oxidize

Non metals ____? (1.5)

Reduce

What does it mean if ions are isoelectronic? (1.5)

They have the same electron configuration.

In a CER what must you always include? (1.7)

Coulombs law and the definition of what the question is asking.

What is Electronegativity? (1.7)

An atom’s ability to attracted shared electrons in a chemical bond (increasing C.A will increase ability to attract an electron)

What is Electron Affinity? (1.7)

A neutral atom’s likelihood of gaining an electron (increase CA will increase ability to attract an electron).

What is Metallic Character? (1.7)

The neutral atom’s likelihood of oxidizing (increasing CA will decrease ability to oxidize).

Explain how elements emit color when given energy? (LAB 3.11-3.12)

Elements emit color when given energy because when atoms absorb energy, an electron gets excited and jumps to a higher energy level/orbit. The electron then relaxes back to a lower energy level/orbit, releasing a photon of light.

First Ionization energy ____ across a period? (1.7)

Increases