Physical and Chemical Properties, Changes, and Classification of Matter

Practice flashcards covering physical vs. chemical properties and changes, as well as the classification of matter into pure substances (elements, compounds) and mixtures.

What is a physical property?

A characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the chemical identity of a substance.

What examples of physical properties are provided in the notes?

Color, density, melting point, and electrical conductivity.

What is a chemical property?

A characteristic describing the ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change.

What examples of chemical properties are given in the notes?

Flammability and reactivity with acid.

What is a physical change?

A change in form or state of matter.

What examples of physical changes are listed in the notes?

Ice melting, tearing paper, and dissolving sugar in water.

What is a chemical change?

A process in which $1$ or more substances are transformed into a new substance with different chemical properties.

How is matter classified according to the chart in the lecture notes?

Matter is classified into pure substances (which consist of elements and compounds) and mixtures (which consist of homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures).

What is an element?

A pure substance made of $1$ atom type that cannot be broken down.

What examples of elements are given in the notes?

Hydrogen ($H$) and Gold ($Au$).

What is a compound?

A pure substance made of more than $1$ type of atom chemically bonded.

What examples of compounds are listed in the notes?

Water ($H_2O$) and Carbon Dioxide ($CO_2$).

What is a mixture?

A physical combination of more than $1$ substance.

What examples of mixtures are given in the notes?

Saltwater, air, and brass.