ap euro unit 2 mu 7 nb 24 the reign of terror

while the french had succeeded in forming their new state system, they were now forced to

fight most of europe

to combat the coalitions, france instituted a

levee en masse to draft the largest army of its age

why was drafting a large army necessary for france

no kings or nobles existed to contribute to an army

massive _ army of _

conscription of 750,000

massive conscription army was doing well under brilliant general, _, but

napoleon bonaparte, but their economy was unstable

already riddled w debt and stripped of colonies from earlier conflicts, the british had done waht to the french

cut the french off from the world w their navy, making food and money scarce

louis xvi attempted to flee to

austria and was captured

to keep peace in paris, the government turned to the

jacobins

jacobins were an

extremely radical and militaristic part of the rev

jacobins leader

robespierre

what ideals did jacobins impose on france

radical

jacobins allied with

san-culottes, a radical militant group of regular people who were agaisnt royalty and nobility

san culottes means

without breeches

san culottes and jacobins began to

purge moderates who opposed their violent ways

first major group to succumb to the violent purge

moderate girondins: a political group that were initially a part of the jacobin movement

most infamously, the jacobins considered anyone who questioned the gov or ideas

a traitor, and imprisoned and executed thousands without a trial

when the republic gov spoke out against the actions of robsepierre and jacobins

they turned on the state, labelling them anti revolutionaries

jacobins imposed _ and dod what

censorship and imprisoned/executed political opponents

september of 1792

massive purge began as jacobins killed thousands of priosners and targeted anyone who dressed lavishly

jacobins proceeded to

behead and drown thousands more suspected criminals across france, accusing them of being anti revolutionary

robespierre declared a state of emergency and formed the

committee of public safety

committee of public safety

officially suspended all natural rights and protections

who initially headed the committee of public safety

georges danton

georges danton

helped establish constitutional republic and public education

committee turned on

georges danton, beheading him for being too lenient w enemies of revolution

ways danton was too lenient

opposing imprisonment and execution w little to no evidence

how did robespierre help peasants economically

fixed price of goods and the wages of workers, and banished all fancy clothes since they were too aristocratic

jacobins attempted to control morality and religion by

banning all religion, esp christianity, and inventing new non religious calendar

april 1792 2 events

april 20, france declares war on austria

april 25, first guillotine use

june 13 1792

prussia declares war on france

august 1792 2 events

august 9: paris commune established

august 10: parisians storm tuileries palace; end of louis xvi power

september 1792 2 events

september 20: french cannons drive back prussians at valmy

september 21: french republic proclaimed

louis xvi executed

january 21 1793

february 1 1793

france declares war on britain and netherlands

when was committee of public safety founded

april 6 1793

new constitution proclaimed

june 24 1793

mass conscription instituted aug 12 1793

october 5 1793

republican calendar adopted

october 16 1793

marie antoinette executed

july was known as

thermidor

thermidorian reaction

five man group, the directory, drew support and overthrew jacobins in 1794

new gov attempted to run france, why did it fail?

they weren’t popular enough to maintain power w food and financial problems

in an attempt to make themselves more popular, they included the famous national

general napoleon bonaparte

napoleon initiated a

nation wide (plebiscite) vote to name himself head of french state

w/ a vote of _ to _ napoleon

3,000,000 to 1592, napoleon declared himself emperor

while britain, the us, and many pro enlightenment figures supported the rev, they quickly changed their minds after

reign of terror

these 4 things were seen as the opposite of the enlightenment

beheadings, drownings, censorship, and banning of religion

terror encouraged other european states to

fight against revolutionary france

writers like _ in england opposed violent revolution

edumund burke

what did edmund burke insist

changes like englands happended over time, not immediately.

edmund burke 1790

predicted the chaos and disorder that followed abrupt upheaval of centuries long society, well before jacobins came to power 1792

by 1799, europe was forced to face rveolutionary ideals as

napoleon quickly mobilized french forces to conquer europe and soread napoleonic reforms