peacekeeping

long term causes of 1st intifada

Harsh Israeli rule over occupied territories & loss of land to construction of Jewish settlemnts in Gaza & West Bank

short term causes of 1st intifada

israeli army vehicle in gaza crashed into a truck, killing 4 palestinians. this was rumored to be revenge for the killing of an israeli 2 days before

results of 1st intifada

palestinians faced mass arrests, destroyed homes, and clubbed

supporting groups of 1st intifada & their strategies

UNL - underground local group of palestinian leaders who represented the major local factions of the plo, who issued the 14 pt plan

hamas - formed in 1988, viewed all of palestine as an islamic waqf could not be abandoned , they opposed the 2 state solution that the plo came to embrace, became chief rival for leadership within the palestinian people

israel’s iron fist policy - 1st intifada

israeli troops used tear gas, water cannons, rubber bullets, beatings, mass arrestsm abd deportation to try and achieve orders

1st intifada

unplanned palestinian uprising against israeli occupation, where 600 palestinians and 40 israelis died

iraq’s role in undermining the palestinian-israeli peace process

hussein sent his army to kuwait, israel in flames, and sent attack on israel

events that made oslo i possible

1st intifada - international sympathy for palestinians being brutalized by israel

madrid conference - no real agreement but it did normalize face-to-face meetings between israeli’s and palestinians

increased u.s. pressure on israel - 1st persian gulf war, end of cold war, threats if settlements weren’t dismantled

document of mutual recognition

israel recognized plo as legislative representative of the palestinians

plo recognized israel’s right to exist in peace and security, renounced its use of terrorism and violence

declaration of principles

outlined a 5 year program for interim palestinian self-government in occupied territories, israel would withdraw from gaza and west bamk town of jericho, not a peaceful treaty but an interim agreement

oslo ii redeployment

idf would redeploy from 6 major cities in west bank and 450 palestinian villages, west bank divided into 3 zones of control over civil affairs and security

zone a - palestinian control

zone b - joint control

zone c - israeli control

oslo ii palestinian council

elections for plc and head of council would take place after redeployment from 6 major cities, hasn’t functioned since 2006

yitzahk rabin role in 1st intifada

implemented iron fist policy, ordered israelis to use violence against palestinians

rabin role in oslo accords

negotiated land for peace, assassinated by israeli extremist for giving land away to palestinians

green line

ceasefire line between israeli settlements and wesst bank & gaza strip

israel-jordan peace treaty

jordan became the 2nd arab nation to recognize israel, helped normalize relations between the 2 countries, addressed borders, water disputes, palestinian refugees, and other issues

wye river memorandum

intended to help implement oslo ii, led to the zones a,b,c

camp david 2000

last majort attempt to resolve major issues related to the conflict between israel & palestinians

ehud barak

prime minister of israel

% of land palestinians would have after 20 years in west bank

85%

result of camp david 2000

was not signed

2nd intifada long term causes

basic mistrust between the 2 sides that makes war inevitable after camp david 2000 talks broke down

2nd intifada short term causes

ariel sharon visited al-asqa mosque in jerusalem on the 5th anniversary of the signing of the oslo ii agreement with 1,000 police

result of 2nd intifada

heavy casualties, 1,000 israelis and 3,000 palestinians, end of oslo peace process, increased israeli security, israel’s disengagement from gaza, hamas gained power

un 446

declared settler activity in israel was illegal