Cell Membrane Transport and Properties of Water

A comprehensive set of question-and-answer flashcards reviewing cellular transport mechanisms (passive transport, active transport, diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion), membrane structure, and key properties of water.

Which of the following is NOT an example of active transport: Osmosis, The Sodium Potassium Pump, Exocytosis, or Endocytosis?

Osmosis (it is a form of passive transport).

What does it mean for a cell membrane to be semipermeable?

It allows certain substances to pass through but not others.

What two main components make up cell membranes?

Proteins and a phospholipid bilayer (phosolipid bilayer).

True or False: The cell membrane is made of phospholipids where the heads are hydrophobic (water hating) and the tails are hydrophilic (water loving).

False (the phosphate heads are hydrophilic and the fatty acid tails are hydrophobic).

Among cohesion, adhesion, capillary action, and being wet, which is NOT a recognized property of water?

Being wet.

Which of the following is NOT an example of passive transport: endocytosis, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, or diffusion?

Endocytosis (it is an active transport mechanism requiring energy).

What does it mean when particles move "with a concentration gradient"?

Particles are moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Why is water classified as a polar molecule?

It has one positively charged end and one negatively charged end.

What property of water is demonstrated when water sticks to a blade of grass after it rains?

Adhesion.

How is active transport defined?

A process that requires energy to move materials across a cell membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.

What is diffusion?

The movement of materials across a cell membrane from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

What is osmosis?

The diffusion of water across a cell membrane.

What is facilitated diffusion?

The movement of materials across a cell membrane from high to low concentration using a transport protein.

Active transport moves ions and molecules from a _____ concentration to a _____ concentration.

Low to high.

Does passive transport require energy in the form of ATP?

No (False). Passive transport moves substances down their concentration gradient without the use of cellular energy (ATP).