COMP

What is Democratic consolidation?

The process where a democracy matures, becoming stable and deeply rooted in society.

What were the key features of Mexico's transition to democracy in the 2000s?

Transitioned from a one-party system (PRI dominance) to a competitive democracy.

What challenges does Nigeria face in its democracy?

Still consolidating democracy, with challenges like election violence and corruption.

What characterizes the UK as a democracy?

A fully consolidated democracy with deep-rooted democratic institutions.

What is the definition of power in a political context?

The ability to influence or control the behavior of people or the course of events.

How is power structured in China?

Power is concentrated in the communist party and its leader, Xi Jinping.

How is authority derived in Iran?

Authority is derived from the Supreme leader's religious legitimacy.

What is the term for the political system where power is shared between a central government and regional entities?

Federal states.

What is the structure of Mexico's political system?

A federal system with power shared between the central government.

Define devolution in a political context.

The transfer of powers from a central government to subnational entities without constitutional guarantees.

What is a multi-ethnic state?

A state with multiple ethnic groups coexisting.

What describes a pluralist system?

A political system where multiple groups compete for influence and power is divided.

What does liberal democracy emphasize?

Individual rights, rule of law, free elections, and political freedom.

What is an illiberal democracy?

A regime with elections but limited political freedom and rule of law.

What characterizes a one-party state?

A political system where only one party is allowed to govern.

Define a totalitarian government.

A regime that seeks total control over all aspects of public and private life.

What is democratization?

The process of transitioning from an authoritarian system to a democratic one.

What are political systems?

Structures for organizing and governing a society, such as democracies, authoritarian regimes, or monarchies.

How is the term 'regime' often used?

A government, especially an authoritarian one.

What is the definition of a state?

A political organization with sovereignty over a defined territory and population.

What constitutes a nation?

A group of people united by shared identity, culture, language, or history, often within a state.

What is meant by sovereignty?

The ability of a state to govern itself without external interference.

What does democracy entail?

A system where power is vested in the people, typically through free and fair elections.

What is authoritarianism?

A system where power is concentrated in the hands of a leader or small elite, with limited political freedom.

What is the rule of law?

The principle that everyone, including leaders, is subject to the law.

What distinguishes rule by law from rule of law?

Rule by law uses laws to maintain control, often arbitrarily or unfairly under authoritarian regimes.

What is governmental transparency?

Openness in government actions and decision-making, allowing public observation.

Define theocracy.

A government system where religious leaders rule based on divine guidance or religious laws.

What is quantitative information?

Data that is measurable and expressed in numerical form.

What does qualitative information encompass?

Non-numerical data that captures descriptive/subjective aspects such as opinions and narratives.

What is the Human Development Index (HDI)?

A composite measure of a country's average achievements in health, education, and income.

Define correlation in a statistical context.

A relationship between two variables, where changes in one are associated with changes in the other.

What is the GINI coefficient?

A measure of income inequality within a country ranging from 0 (Equal) to 1 (maximum inequality).

What does GDP per capita indicate?

A measure of a country's economic output divided by its population, indicating average income.

What is the role of the Independent Election Commission?

A body responsible for overseeing the integrity and fairness of elections.

What is suffrage?

The right to vote in political elections.

What are gender quotas?

Policies mandating a certain percentage of women in political organizational positions.

What does political legitimacy refer to?

The general belief that a government has the right to rule and exercise authority.

What are sources of political legitimacy?

The foundations upon which governments claim authority and justify their rule.

What does political efficacy mean?

The belief that individuals can influence political decisions and that the government is responsive.

Define political stability.

The endurance and consistency of a political system and its institutions over time.