MODULE 5: Suborder Brachycera and Cyclorrapha
Call Kai
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
Flashcards
Knowt Play1/179
There's no tags or description
Looks like no tags are added yet.
180 Terms
Which family includes horseflies or breeze flies?
Tabanidae
Which genera belong to family Tabanidae?
Tabanus
Chrysops
Pangonia
Hybometra
Silvius
Haematopota
What are the general body characteristics of Tabanidae?
Large robust flies with powerful wings and large eyes
How are the eyes of male Tabanidae described?
Holoptic
How are the eyes of female Tabanidae described?
Dichoptic
How many basal antennal segments are short in Tabanidae?
2
What characterizes the third antennal segment of Tabanidae?
Large and usually ringed or annulated
How long is the proboscis of Tabanus and Haematopota?
Relatively short
How long is the proboscis of Chrysops?
Longer than in Tabanus and Haematopota
Which genus has a very long proboscis projecting forward?
Pangonia
What is the eye color characteristic of Tabanidae?
Metallic
Which genus has dark-banded wings divergent at rest?
Chrysops
Which genus has mottled wings?
Haematopota
Which genus has clear wings horizontal at rest?
Tabanus
How many eggs does a female Tabanidae lay in a batch?
300–600
Where are Tabanidae eggs laid?
On stones or leaves overhanging bodies of water or marshy places
After how long do Tabanidae larvae drop to the ground?
About a week
What are the larvae of Tabanidae like?
Maggot-like, aquatic, and carnivorous
How many ecdyses do Tabanidae larvae undergo?
6
How long does the larval stage of Tabanidae last?
2–3 months
Where do Tabanidae pupate?
In drier ground
How long does the pupal stage of Tabanidae last?
2–3 weeks
How long does the complete Tabanidae life cycle take?
4–5 months
When are adult Tabanidae most active?
Hot sunny days
How do adult Tabanidae attack hosts?
Singly
Which large animals are chiefly attacked by Tabanidae?
Cattle, carabaos, buffaloes, horses
Which body areas do adult Tabanidae mainly feed on?
Underside of the abdomen, around the navel, legs, neck, and withers
What is the feeding habit of adult Tabanidae?
Intermittent feeding
What does the intermittent feeding habit of Tabanidae involve?
Biting at several sites on different places or animals before becoming replete with blood
What effect do Tabanidae bites have on animals?
Painful and irritating bites that cause restlessness
How do Tabanidae transmit diseases?
Mechanical transmission
Which bacterial diseases can Tabanidae mechanically transmit?
Anthrax and tularemia
Which viral disease can Tabanidae mechanically transmit?
Equine infectious anemia
Which parasite causes surra transmitted by Tabanidae?
Trypanosoma evansi
Which parasite causes Mal de Cadera transmitted by Tabanidae?
Trypanosoma equinum
Which parasites cause Nagana or sleeping sickness transmitted by Tabanidae?
Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma vivax
Which organism causes anaplasmosis transmitted by Tabanidae?
Anaplasma marginale et centrale
Which filarial nematode uses Chrysops as an intermediate host?
Loa loa
Which filarial nematode uses Hybometra and Tabanus as intermediate hosts?
Elacophora schneideri
Which cattle and carabao parasite uses Tabanidae as an intermediate host?
Trypanosoma theileri
What are the control methods for Tabanidae?
Use of fly traps or nets, catching manually using animals as baits
Spraying with 1% pyrethrin and 10% piperonyl butoxide at 1 L per large animal
Which family belongs to suborder Cyclorrhapha and includes houseflies?
Muscidae
Which genera belong to family Muscidae?
Musca
Fannia
Stomoxys
Haematobia/Lyperosia
Where is Musca domestica commonly found?
Human and animal houses and buildings
Where is Musca autumnalis commonly found?
Nostrils and eyes of cattle and horses
Where is Musca sorbens commonly found?
Markets and houses
Where is Musca conducens commonly found?
Animal houses
Are typical Muscidae houseflies blood-sucking or biting flies?
Not blood-sucking, non-biting indoor flies
What is the body length of typical Muscidae houseflies?
6–7 mm
How is the arista of Muscidae houseflies described?
Bilaterally plumose up to the tip
What markings occur on the thorax and abdomen of Muscidae houseflies?
Stripes on the dorsum
What type of mouthparts do Muscidae houseflies have?
Lapping type
What structures make housefly labella adapted for imbibing liquid food?
Fleshy expanded labella covered by pseudotrachea
How many eggs are laid in a batch by houseflies?
100–150
Approximately how many eggs can a housefly lay in total?
About 1,000
Where do houseflies lay their eggs?
Animal manure or fermenting or decaying organic matter
How long do housefly eggs take to hatch?
20–24 hours
How long does the housefly larval stage last?
4–8 days
How long does the housefly pupal stage last?
4–5 days or longer
What structure allows the young housefly to emerge from the puparium?
Ptilinium
When do houseflies begin fertilization and oviposition after emergence?
A few days after emergence from the puparium
How many descendants can a pair of Musca potentially produce in six months with 100% survival?
191,000,000,000,000,000,000
What foods and materials do adult houseflies feed on?
Human food, blood and serum from meat, blood oozing from other insect bites, mucus, sputum, excretions from sores, wounds
Why do houseflies moving between food and feces transmit diseases efficiently?
Females deposit eggs on human and animal manure and adults move back and forth between food and feces
What is the vomit drop or vomit spot of a housefly?
Regurgitated material deposited outside after a full meal
What are fly specks or fecal deposits?
Feces deposited by houseflies on food
What features of housefly labella contribute to disease transmission?
Fleshy and wrinkled labella with pseudotrachea
Which housefly body structures contribute to efficient disease transmission?
Hairy legs, body, and foot pads
Where is Musca autumnalis commonly found during summer?
Around the nostrils and eyes of cattle, horses, other animals, and humans
Which viral diseases are listed as mechanically transmitted by houseflies?
Cholera, El Tor, poliomyelitis
Which bacterium causes typhoid in the housefly disease-transmission list?
Salmonella
Which bacterial genus is associated with dysentery in the housefly disease-transmission list?
Vibrio
Which bacterium causes anthrax in the housefly disease-transmission list?
Bacillus anthracis
Which bacterium causes infectious bovine keratitis or pink eye in the housefly disease-transmission list?
Moraxella bovis
Which organism is associated with tuberculosis in the housefly disease-transmission list?
Mycobacterium sp.
Which parasite causes amebiosis transmitted mechanically by houseflies?
Entamoeba histolytica
Which genera cause coccidiosis in the housefly disease-transmission list?
Eimeria and Isospora
Which helminths are listed as mechanically transmitted by houseflies?
Ascaris, Trichuris, Enterobius
Which Raillietina species use houseflies as intermediate hosts?
Raillietina sp.
Which parasite is the equine stomach worm that uses houseflies as an intermediate host?
Habronema muscae
Which parasite is the cattle eye worm transmitted through Musca autumnalis as an intermediate host?
Thelazia rhodesii
How can housefly larvae be controlled by destroying breeding places?
Destroy breeding places, spread manure thinly on pasture, spray manure heaps with borax powder, use Larvadex in feed, frequently remove manure
Which substance can be spread over a manure heap as a larvicide for houseflies?
Borax powder
Which feed additive can inhibit housefly larval development?
Larvadex
Which insecticides can be mixed with molasses and sawdust to control adult houseflies?
Diazinon
Dieldrin
Parathion
Neguvon
Which insecticides are listed for spraying adult houseflies?
Baygon
Malathion
Neguvon
What substances are used in housefly backrubbers?
2% malathion dust
dichlorvos
5% metoxychlor
What additional methods help control houseflies?
Insecticidal dust bags, proper garbage disposal, efficient sewage disposal, screening of houses
What is Fannia canicularis commonly called?
Lesser housefly
What is Fannia scalaris commonly called?
Little housefly
What type of myiasis may Fannia scalaris cause?
Urogenital myiasis
How does Fannia scalaris compare in size with Musca?
Smaller than Musca
What do Fannia scalaris larvae have?
Feathered protuberances
How is the arista of Fannia scalaris described?
Bare
What type of myiasis may Muscina stabulans cause?
Intestinal myiasis
How does Muscina stabulans compare with the housefly?
Larger and more robust
Where is Muscina stabulans commonly found?
Stables
What is Morrelia hortorum commonly called?
Sweat fly
What attracts adult Morrelia hortorum?
Sweat and mucus
What is Stomoxys calcitrans commonly called?
Stablefly