Civics + Econ: Amendments Review

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering constitutional amendments, legal doctrines, individual liberties, and governmental procedures outlined in the study notes.

1st Amendment

Constitutional amendment that protects five fundamental freedoms: Religion, Assembly, Press, Petition, and Speech (known by the acronym RAPPS).

RAPPS

An acronym representing the five fundamental freedoms protected under the 1st Amendment: Religion, Assembly, Press, Petition, and Speech.

Right to Keep and Bear Arms

The constitutional right described in the notes as 'The right to theep and bear arms' and noted as 'Delwayne's favorite.'

3rd Amendment

Constitutional amendment that forbids the government from forcing citizens to house soldiers during a time of peace without the homeowner's permission.

4th Amendment

Constitutional amendment protecting against unreasonable searches and seizures, specifying that warrants must be official with a listing of items or people to be taken.

5th Amendment

Constitutional amendment establishing that people have a right to a trial, protection against Double Jeopardy, freedom from self-incrimination, government compensation for private property, and protection against losing life, liberty, or property without due process.

Double Jeopardy

A protection under the 5th Amendment stating that a person cannot be prosecuted twice for the same offense.

6th Amendment

Constitutional amendment that guarantees the right to a speedy and public trial, the right to challenge and bring forth witnesses, and the right to a lawyer.

7th Amendment

Constitutional amendment guaranteeing that in some civil trials, people are guaranteed a trial by juror.

8th Amendment

Constitutional amendment specifying that the government cannot issue any person cruel or unusual punishment.

Unlisted Constitutional Rights

Rights not explicitly listed in the U.S. Constitution (such as personal autonomy, travel, or marriage), noted as approved on December 15, 17_1.

10th Amendment

Constitutional amendment stating that any power not specifically given to the Federal government belongs to the states, thereby dividing federal and state powers.

11th Amendment

Constitutional amendment that protects states from being sued in federal court by citizens of another state or foreign country, establishing sovereign immunity.

Sovereign Immunity

A legal doctrine associated with the 11th Amendment and the case Chisholm v. Georgia (1743) protecting states from federal lawsuits by outside citizens.

Chisholm v. Georgia (1743)

A court case cited in connection with sovereign immunity and the adoption of the 11th Amendment.

12th Amendment

Constitutional amendment requiring that the President and Vice President must be elected separately, with electors voting for each office individually.

13th Amendment

Constitutional amendment that abolished slavery, with the only exception being as punishment for a crime.

14th Amendment

Constitutional amendment that defines citizenship and guarantees equal protection under the law, prohibiting states from denying due process or equal protection.

15th Amendment

Constitutional amendment ensuring voting rights cannot be denied based on race, color, or previous enslavement, extending voting rights for black men.

16th Amendment

Constitutional amendment that allows the federal collection of income taxes.

17th Amendment

Constitutional amendment providing that Senators are elected directly by the people, replacing the previous system where state legislatures chose senators.

18th Amendment

Constitutional amendment that banned the manufacturing, selling, and transporting of alcohol (Prohibition), which was repealed not too long later.

19th Amendment

Constitutional amendment that granted women the right to vote, establishing that voting cannot be denied based on gender or sex.

20th Amendment

Constitutional amendment that shortens the time between election and taking office, setting the presidential start date to January 20th and the congressional start date to January 3rd.

21st Amendment

Constitutional amendment that ended and repealed prohibition.

22nd Amendment

Constitutional amendment that limits the president to 2 elected terms, or a maximum of 10 years if taking over partway through another president's term.

23rd Amendment

Constitutional amendment that gives Washington, D.C. electoral votes, allowing D.C. residents to vote for president.

24th Amendment

Constitutional amendment that bans poll taxes in federal elections, ensuring people cannot be charged money to vote.

Presidential Succession

Procedure establishing that the Vice President becomes President if the president dies or resigns, and allows the VP to step in if the President is unable to serve.

26th Amendment

Constitutional amendment that lowers the voting age to 18 for all elections.

27th Amendment

Constitutional amendment dictating that congressional pay raises cannot take effect until after the next election, allowing voters to hold Congress accountable.