Definitions of range of motions

Flexion

Bending a joint

Extension

Straightening a joint

Medial (internal) rotation

Rotating a body part towards midline of body

Lateral (external) rotation

Rotating a body part away from the midline of the body.

Supination

Rotating forearm where palms face up

Elevation

Moving a body part upward

Retraction

Moving a body part backward (posteriorly)

Protraction

Moving a body part forward (anteriorly)

Depression

Moving a body part downward

Lateral flexion

Bending of neck or trunk to the side

Abduction

Moving a body part away from the midline

Adduction

Moving a body part toward the midline

Dorsiflexion

Pointing toes towards head

Plantarflexion

Pointing toes towards the ground

Inversion

Turning sole of foot towards midline

Eversion

Turning sole of foot away from midline

Pronation

Palms facing down

Circumduction

Circular movement of a limb

Opposition

thumb touching fingers for like pinching