C.2 Wave Model

Learnt 01/10/25-10/10/25

Standing (stationary) wave

It DOES NOT transfer energy or matter. They store it

Travelling Wave

Wave in which the positions of maximum & minimum amplitude travel through the medium

Transverse wave

Travelling wave which the particles oscillate perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer e.g. wave on the surface of the water

Longitudinal Wave

travelling wave in which the particles oscillate parallel to the direction of energy transfer, such as in sound waves.

Displacement

Distance and direction of a particle from the equilbirum position (Unit:m)

Amplitude

Maximum distance from equilibrium (unit: m)

Wavelength

Shortest distance between two points that are in phase (Unit: λ)

Mechanical Waves

• Involves the movement of particles

• Transverse MW = water ripples

• Longitudinal MW = sound waves

Electromagnetic Waves

• EM waves can travel through a vacuum or through a medium

• Pair of electric & magnetic fields oscillating as they propagate through space

Calculating time or frequency

Calculating Wavespeed