Fishery Arts: Branches, Fish Processing, and Benefits of Aquaculture

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering the foundations of Fishery Arts, including Fish Culture (Aquaculture), Fish Capture (Harvesting), the 7-step Fish Processing cycle, and the economic, nutritional, and ecological benefits of fish raising.

What is the definition of Fishery Arts?

The field of study that involves the raising, management, and use of fish and other aquatic resources.

What are the three primary branches of Fishery Arts?

1. Fish Culture (Aquaculture) - Growing fish
2. Fish Capture (Harvesting) - Catching fish
3. Fish Processing - Preserving fish

What is Fish Culture (Aquaculture)?

The branch of fishery arts that involves raising and propagating fish and other aquatic resources in controlled or semi-controlled environments.

What are the three stages of fish farming in fish culture?

Cultivation, Propagation, and Conservation.

In fish farming, what does the cultivation stage involve?

Rearing young fish all the way to their marketable size.

In fish farming, what does the propagation stage involve?

Breeding and raising fish to promote reproduction and survival.

In fish farming, what is the goal of the conservation stage?

Protecting and sustainably managing habitats so fish populations survive for future generations.

What controlled spaces are commonly used to raise fish in Fish Culture?

Fishponds, fish pens and cages, and indoor tanks.

What major environmental risk causes municipal fish production to drop annually in fish culture?

Heavy typhoons and floods that destroy fish pens and farms.

What is Fish Capture (Harvesting)?

The method of catching or harvesting fish from natural bodies of water, like rivers, lakes, and the deep ocean.

What are the primary gears and technologies used in Fish Capture?

Motorized boats, nets, fishing lines, and traps.

What three major challenges threaten the fish capture industry?

1. Water Pollution: Afflictions like "red tide" and massive fish kills.
2. Human Error: Unlawful fishing practices by unscrupulous fishermen.
3. Poor Systems: Ineffective marketing and poor distribution.

How do Fish Culture and Fish Capture compare in location, acquisition method, and major threat?

Fish Culture takes place in controlled ponds, pens, and tanks by breeding, rearing, and feeding, with typhoons/floods as its biggest threat; Fish Capture takes place in wild natural rivers, lakes, and oceans using nets, lines, traps, and boats, with pollution (like red tide) and unlawful fishing as its biggest threats.

What type of aquaculture enclosure structure is shown in the image?

Floating fish cages made of bamboo and barrels with suspended netting.

What fishing gear and method are being demonstrated along the shoreline in the image?

A beach seine net pulled collaboratively by fishermen.

What type of stationary fish capture apparatus is displayed over the water?

A lift net rigged to a bamboo lifting frame.

What specific fish capture tool is held in the fisherman's hands?

A handline, consisting of fishing line wrapped around a handheld spool with a hook and sinker.

What fishing equipment is illustrated in the image?

A fishing rod with line guides and an attached spinning reel.

What passive fish capture gear containing captured fish is shown underwater?

A wire mesh fish trap (fish pot).

What is Fish Processing, and what is its main objective?

The branch of fishery arts that handles, preserves, and packages fresh catch through a systematic process to prevent quick spoilage and extend shelf life.

What are the $7$ steps of fish processing in chronological order?

1. Receiving and inspection
2. Descaling and gutting
3. Filleting or cutting
4. Washing and trimming
5. Preserving
6. Packaging
7. Storing and distribution

What task is performed during the receiving and inspection step of fish processing?

Checking the quality and condition of the fresh catch.

What task is performed during the descaling and gutting step of fish processing?

Cleaning the outside by removing scales and cleaning the inside by taking out internal organs.

What task is performed during the filleting or cutting step of fish processing?

Slicing the fish meat into smaller slices or fillets for consumers.

What task is performed during the washing and trimming step of fish processing?

Performing a final clean-up by rinsing the cut fish and removing remaining unwanted parts.

What task is performed during the preserving step of fish processing?

Applying appropriate preservation methods to extend shelf life and make the fish last longer.

What task is performed during the packaging step of fish processing?

Placing the processed fish in proper containers and sealing it safely.

What task is performed during the storing and distribution step of fish processing?

Properly keeping the finished fish products and transporting them out to different markets.

What are the cardiovascular and neurological benefits of Omega-3 fatty acids found in fish?

They keep the heart healthy, lower blood pressure, build brain power, and reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

What role does the essential mineral iodine found in fish play in human health?

It is crucial for healthy thyroid gland function.

Which specific vitamins are provided by fish consumption?

Vitamins $A$, $D$, $B_6$, and $B_{12}$.

How do high-quality protein and low fat in fish support physical development?

They promote healthy body weight and strong muscle growth.

What non-food secondary commercial products are made from fish, and how are they used?

Fish meal, oils, gelatin, and collagen, which are utilized in cosmetics, animal feeds, and fertilizers.

What is the purpose of raising ornamental fish?

Raising attractive aquarium pets that promote tranquility and home aesthetics.

In fishery livelihoods, what are "Boots Wet" jobs?

Jobs carried out directly on the water, such as pond builders, fish breeders, harvesters, fish veterinarians (doctors), and fishpond owners.

In fishery livelihoods, what are "Boots Dry" jobs?

Land-based jobs created because of fish, such as feed production workers, processing plant packagers, fishing supply store owners (selling nets, pumps, and salinometers), and security guards at facilities like Manila Ocean Park.

According to SEAFDEC ($2024$), how many individuals are directly or indirectly employed by the fisheries sector in our region?

$2.29\text{ million}$ people.

According to PSA ($2024$), what was the total export value of Philippine agricultural aquatic exports?

$\$566.33\text{ million}$, bringing foreign exchange earnings into the country.

How does aquaculture support environmental conservation against overfishing?

It meets the high demand for seafood without depleting wild populations in rivers, lakes, and oceans, instilling values of environmental stewardship and responsibility.

What are the three "Superpowers" of fish raising summarizing its overall impact?

1. HEALTH: Fueling brains and bodies with vitamins, protein, and Omega-3s.
2. WEALTH: Generating millions of "Boots Wet" and "Boots Dry" jobs and driving economic earnings.
3. EARTH: Protecting wild marine ecosystems from overfishing through sustainable farming.