BMS 561 OIAN Unit 3

Piriformis

O: internal sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament

I: superior greater trochanter

A: ER of femur, abduction during hip flexion, IR when hip is flexed past 90, may assist in extension (LOOK AT MASTER SHEET)

N: Sacral Plexus (L5 S1 S2)

Obturator Internus

O: pelvic surfaces of obturator membrane and surrounding bones (ilium, ischium, pubis)

I: common tendon with superior and inferior gemelli to medial greater trochanter

A: Lateral rotation of the thigh, abduction during hip flexion

N: Nerve to Obturator Internus (L5-S2)

Coccygeus

O: Ischial spine and sacrospinous ligament

I: Inferior Sacrum and Coccyx

A: Supports pelvic viscera, draws coccyx forward

N: Ventral Rami (S4 S5)

Iliococcygeus (part of levator ani)

O: Ischial spine, tendinous arch

I: Coccyx and anococcygeal raphe

A: support pelvic viscera, draws coccyx forward

N: Ventral rami (S3 S4)

Pubococcygeus and Puboerectalis (levator ani)

O: pubis and tendinous arch

I: Coccyx anococcygeal raphe, prostate or vagina, rectum and anal canal

A: Supports pelvic viscera, raises pelvic floor

N: Ventral rami (S3 S4)

Gluteus Maximus

O: posterior gluteal line of ilium, posterior surface of lower sacrum, side of coccyx, aponeurosis of erector spinae, sacrootuberus ligament, gluteal aponeurosis
I: Larger proximal portion/superficial fibers of distal portion of muscle into IT band of fascia lata, deep fibers of distal portion into gluteal tuberosity of femur

A: Extend/Lateral rotate the hip, lower fibers assist in adduction of hip, upper fibers assist in abduction, stabilize knee in extension
N: Inferior Gluteal N (L5-S2)

Gluteus Medius

O: External surface of ilium, b/w iliac crest /posterior gluteal line/anterior gluteal line, gluteal aponeurosis

I: Oblique ridge on lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

A: abduction of hip/medial rot and flexion of hip (ant fibers)/lat rot and extension of hip (post fibers)

N: Superior Gluteal N (L4-S1)

Gluteus Minimus

O: external surface of ilium b/w anterior and inferior gluteal lines, margin of greater sciatic notch

I: anterior border of greater trochanter of femur, hip joint capsule

A: abduction/IR/assist in flexion of hip joint
N: Superior Gluteal N (L4-S1)

Gemellus Superior

O: external surface of ischial spine

I: with tendon of obturator internus, into medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

A: Lateral rotation of the thigh, assist in abduction of thigh during hip flexion

N: Sacral Plexus (ventral rami L5-S2)

Gemellus Inferior

O: proximal ischial tuberosity

I: With tendon of obturator internus, into medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

A: Lateral rotation of the thigh, assist in abduction of thigh during hip flexion

N: Sacral Plexus (ventral rami L4-S2)

Quadratus Femoris

O: proximal lateral ischial tuberosity

I: Proximal quadrate line, extending distally from intertrochanteric crest

A: lateral rotation of the thigh
N: Sacral Plexus (ventral rami L4-S2)

Obturator Externis

O: Pubic and Ischial rami, external surface of obturator membrane

I: trochanteric fossa of femur

A: lateral rotation/adduction of hip
N: Obturator n (L3 L4)

Sartorius

O: ASIS, superior half of notch distal to ASIS

I: Proximal anteromedial surface of tibia

A: Flex/ER/abduction of hip, flex/IR of knee

N: femoral n (L2-L4)

Rectus Femoris

O: AIIS, Ilium superior to acetabulum

I: proximal border of patella, through patellar lig to tibial tuberosity

A: Extend knee, flex hip

N: femoral n (L2-L4)

Vastus Lateralis

O: proximal intertrochanteric line, anterior/inferior borders of greater trochanter, lat lip gluteal tuberosity, proximal lat lip lines aspera, lateral intermuscular septum

I: Proximal patella, through ;patellar lig to tibial tuberosity

A: Extend Knee

N: Femoral n (L2-L4)

Vastus Intermedius

O: Anterior/lateral surface of proximal 2/3 body of femur, distal half linea aspera, lateral intermuscular septum

I: proximal patella, through patellar lig to tibial tuberosity

A: Extend Knee

N: Femoral n (L2-L4)

Vastus Medialis

O: Distal half intertrochanteric line, medial lip linea aspera, proximal medial supracondylar ridge, tendons of adductor longus/magnus, intermuscular septum

I: Proximal patella, through patellar lig to tibial tuberosity

A: Extend Knee

N: Femoral N (L2-L4)

Tensor Fascia Latae

O: Anterior external lip iliac crest, ASIS, deep surface of fascia latae

I: IT band @ proximal middle 1/3 thigh

A: Flex/IR/Abduct hip, tenses fascia latae extends knee
N: Superior Gluteal N (L4-S1)

Iliopsoas

O: Psoas Major→ventral surfaces of TP of lumbar vertebrae, sides of vertebral bodies and corresponding IVDs of T12-L5, membranous arches over vertebral bodies of lumbar vertebrae

Iliacus→ superior 2/3 iliac fossa, internal lip iliac crest, iliolumbar/ventral SI ligaments, ala of sacrum

I: Lesser trochanter of femur

A: origin fixed→ flex/lateral rot/abduction of hip
insertion fixed→ flex hip, increase lumbar lordosis, lateral flexion of trunk
N: lumbar plexus (L1-L4)

femoral n (L1-L4)

Articularis Genus

O: anterior distal body of femur

I: suprapatellar bursa of knee joint

A: draws articular capsule proximally

N: Femoral n (L2-L4)

Gracilis

O: inferior ½ pubic symphysis, medial inferior pubic ramus

I: proximal medial body of tibia

A: adduction of hip, flex/IR knee joint

N: Obturator N (L2-L4)

Pectineus

O: Superior pubic ramus

I: pectineal line of femur

A: adduction/flexion of hip

N: Femoral and obturator n (L2-L4)

Adductor Longus

O: anterior surface of pubis

I: middle 1/3 of medial linea aspera

A: adduction/flexion of hip joint

N: Obtruator n (L2-L4)

Adductor Brevis

O: Outer surface inferior pubic ramus

I: distal 2/3 pectineal line, proximal ½ medial linea aspera

A: adduction/flexion of hip

N: Obturator n (L2-L4)

Adductor Magnus

O: inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus, ischial tuberosity

I: medial to gluteal tuberosity, middle liena aspera, medial supracondylar ridge, adductor tubercle of femur

A: adduction/flexion/extension of hip

N: obturator n (L2-L4) tibial n (L4-LS1)

Biceps Femoris

O: Long head→distal sacrotuberous ligament, posterior ischial tuberosity

Short head→ lateral lip linea aspera, proximal 2/3 lateral supracondylar ridge, lateral intermuscular septum

I: Lateral head of fibula, lateral tibial condyle, deep fascia on lateral leg

A: flex/laterally rotate knee, long head extends/laterally rotates hip

N: Long head→ tibial n (L5-S3)

short head→ common fibular n (L5-S2)

Semitendinosis

O: ischial tuberosity with common tendon of biceps femoris (long head)

I: proximal medial tibia, deep fascia of leg

A: Flex/IR knee, extends/IR hip joint

N: tibial n (L4-S2)

Semimembranosis

O: ischial tuberosity

I: Posteromedial medial condyle of tibia

A: flex/IR knee, extend/IR hip

N: tibial n (L4-S2)