105 ch. 13 practice + sample q's (@essiieec)

which of the following best describes the synovial membrane?

a. sterile, highly viscous fluid

b. fibrous capsule that encloses the temporomandibular joint

c. dense, collagenous fibrous pad

d. thin layer of synovial cells

d. thin layer of synovial cells

the lateral pterygoid muscle does which of the following

a. protrudes the mandible and pulls the articular disk forward

b. elevates the mandible and clenches the teeth

c. protracts and elevates the mandible

d. retracts the mandible

a. protrudes the mandible and pulls the articular disk forward

which of the following isn't a function of the tmj?

a. respiration

b. mastication

c. deglutition

d. speech

a. respiration

a mature mandibular condole exhibits which characteristic?

a. bone covers the head of the condyle

the condylar head is a round shape

b. a thick layer of cartilage covers the head of the condyle

c. spikes of porous cartilage project into d. the underlying bone marrow

a. bone covers the head of the condyle

the condylar head is a round shape

the articular fossa undergoes which developmental change?

a. becomes brittle and narrow

b. deepens and expands

c. loses flexibility and perforates

d. becomes increasingly scalloped in shape

b. deepens and expands

where is the temporomandibular fossa located?

a. at the posterior medial aspect of the zygomatic arch

b. along the anterior upper border of the zygomatic arch

c. within the periphery of the zygomatic arch

d. medial to the zygomaticofrontal suture

a. at the posterior medial aspect of the zygomatic arch

the heads of mandibular condyles form secondary ossification centers. secondary ossification centers produce epiphyseal lines (cartilage-bone junctions).

a. both statements are true.

b. the first statement is false; the second is true.

c. the first statement is true; the second is false.

d. both statements are false.

b. the first statement is false; the second is true.

which of the following is a function of the temporomandibular joint capsule?

a. keeps the disk immobile when the head of the condyle moves

b. supports articulatory movements

c. encloses the lateral, medial, and posterior boundaries

d. provides joint lubrication

b. supports articulatory movements

which ligament extends down the medial side of the ramus to insert on the lingula?

a. sphenomandibular

b. stylomandibular

c. temporomandibular

d. stylohyoid

a. sphenomandibular

which ligament attaches to the lateral part of the disk?

a. sphenomandibular

b. temporomandibular

c. stylohyoid

d. stylomandibular

b. temporomandibular

which of the following ligaments do not support the temporomandibular joint?

a. stylomandibular

b. temporomandibular

c. sphenomandibular

d. stylohyoid

stylohyoid

every individual has 8 muscles of mastication

true

which of the following is a function of the lateral ligament of the temporomandibular joint?

a. provides strong insulation between the condylar heads and articular surfaces.

b. operates in retraction of the disk.

c. strengthens the capsule and allows freedom of condylar movement.

d. supports the joint and limits excursions of the condyles to a normal range.

d. supports the joint and limits excursions of the condyles to a normal range.

which feature of the tmj helps it withstand functional stress?

a. functional relationship with the muscles of mastication.

b. encapsulated nerve terminals in the synovial folds.

c. network of blood vessels in the posterior region of the joint.

d. presence of cartilage on the condyle and fossa.

d. presence of cartilage on the condyle and fossa.

when the mouth opens, each condylar head slides along the articular ___________

a. plane

b. pad

c. fossa

d. eminence

a. plane

a mature mandibular condyle is which shape?

a. crescent

b. circular

d. triangular

d. ovoid

d. ovoid

the synovial membrane is associated with numerous capillaries and ___________

a. bones

b. lymphatics

c. ligaments

d. fluids

b. lymphatics

articular remodeling is a response to ____________

a. environmental stress

b. genetic dysfunction

c. aging

d. inactivity

a. environmental stress

at birth, the heads of the mandibular condyles are round and covered with a thicker later of

a. elastic connective tissue

b. cartilage

c. fibrous connective tissue

d. bone

b. cartilage

the upper compartment of the temporomandibular cavity is bound superiorly by the articular fossa and inferiorly by the

a. articular eminence

b. articular disk

c. head of the mandibular condyle

c. temporal bone

b. articular disk

the spine of the bone arising from the rim of the mandibular foramen is called the

a. mental foramen

b. genial tubercles

c. lingula

d. submandibular fossa

c. lingula

the two movements of the tmj are

a. super & inferior

b. anterior & posterior

c. medial & lateral

d. gliding & hinge

d. gliding & hinge

which of the following types of nerve endings found in the tmj is a pressure receptor?

a. ruffini

b. free

c. pacinian

d. meissner

c. pacinian

each of the following is a branch of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve that supplies the temporomandibular joint (tmj) except one. which one is the exception?

a. deep temporal nerve

b. auriculotemporal nerve

c. inferior alveolar nerve

d. masseteric nerve

c. inferior alveolar nerve

which of the four muscles of mastication protracts the mandible?

a. temporalis muscle

b. lateral pterygoid muscle

c. medial pterygoid muscle

d. masseter muscle

b. lateral pterygoid muscle

t/f: more blood vessels innervate the lateral and medial surfaces of the articular disk than the anterior and posterior areas.

false

t/f: at birth, condylar heads are round and covered with a thick layer of cartilage

true

t/f: chondroblasts of the mandibular condyles are organized in long rows.

false

t/f: the action of the lower half of the tmj is a gliding motion.

false

the articular disk is thin but highly vascular.

false

no epiphyseal line is found in the tmj condyle.

true

cartilage-bone remodeling isn't possible

false

at birth, the mandibular condyles are covered with a thick layer of

a. cartilage

b. adipose

c. ligament

d. muscle

a. cartilage

at which age is the development of the mandibular condyle complete?

a. 18

b. 25

c. 12

d. 30

b. 25

which statement is true?

a. the growth of each condylar head occurs at the epiphyseal line

b. at maturity, the condylar heads are covered in bone.

c. condylar chondroblasts are organized in uniform rows.

d. secondary ossification centers form within the condylar heads.

b. at maturity, the condylar heads are covered in bone.

which sequence accurately depicts the growth of the condyles?

a. chondroblasts differentiate, cartilage matrix develops, bone replaces cartilage.

b. cartilage matrix develops, chondroblasts differentiate, bone replaces cartilage.

c. bone replaces cartilage, chondroblasts differentiate, cartilage matrix develops.

d. cartilage matrix develops, bone replaces cartilage, chondroblasts differentiate.

a. chondroblasts differentiate, cartilage matrix develops, bone replaces cartilage.

branches of which cranial nerve are housed within the petrotympanic fissue?

a. IX

b. X

c. VIII

d. XII

a. IX

where are the mandibular condyles positioned, at rest?

a. articular eminence

b. tempormandibular fossa

c. infratemporal fossa

d. articular plane

b. tempormandibular fossa

the articular disk divides the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cavity into upper and lower compartments; the upper compartment facilitates a hingelike action.

a. the first statement is true; the second is false.

b. both statements are false.

c. both statements are true.

d. the first statement is false; the second is true.

a. the first statement is true; the second is false.

which description of the articular disk is inaccurate?

a. fibrous

b. collagenous

c. dense

d. amorphous

d. amorphous

the synovial membrane lubricates each surface, EXCEPT one. which is the EXCEPTION?

a. lower surfaces of the articular pad

b. tissue lining the upper and lower compartments

c. ligamentous layer of the fibrous capsule

d. upper surfaces of the articular pad

c. ligamentous layer of the fibrous capsule

which type of synovial cells produces synovial fluid?

a. type B

b. type A and type B

c. neither

d. type A

a. type B

which ligament inserts on the lingula?

a. lateral

b. stylomandibular

c. temporomandibular

d. sphenomandibular

d. sphenomandibular

which muscle pulls the articular disk forward to protrude the mandible?

a. masseter

b. lateral pterygoid

c. temporalis

d. medial pterygoid

b. lateral pterygoid

there are a total number of ______ muscles of mastication

a. four

b. six

c. two

d. eight

d. eight

the articular surfaces of the TMJ remodel in response to

a. disease

b. injury

c. age

d. stress

d. stress

which nerve terminals are temperature receptors in the tmj?

a. meissner corpuscles

b. pacinian corpuscles

c. free nerve endings

d. ruffini endings

d. ruffini endings

the arteries of the tmj do not

a. penetrate the capsule

b. enter the fibrous covering of the head of the condyle

c. converge on the tmj

d. send branches into the vascular network at the periphery of the disk

b. enter the fibrous covering of the head of the condyle

the right and left heads of the mandibular condyle articulate in the

a. articular eminence

b. coronoid process

c. petrous portion of the temporal bone

d. glenoid fossa

d. glenoid fossa

which is the smallest muscle of mastication?

a. masseter

b. lateral pterygoid

c. temporalis

d. medial pterygoid

b. lateral pterygoid

the outer margin of the articular disk is

a. thick and vascular

b. thin and avascular

c. thin and vascular

d. thick and avascular

a. thick and vascular