probability for elementary math

experiment

the act of making an observation or taking a measurement

outcome

one of the possible things that can occur as a result of an experiment

sample space

set of all possible outcomes

event

any subset of the same space

probability equation

number of elements in E

P = ————————————-

total number of elements in S

theoretical probability

probability based on ideal occurances

experimental probability

probability based on observations

connection between theoretical and experimental probability

the more experiments we perform, the greater likelihood that experimental probability will be loser to theoretical probability

fundamental counting property

if event A can occur in R ways, and for each of these R, event B can occur in S ways, then events A and B can occur, in succession in R x S ways

permutation

ordered arrangement of objecys

combination

a collection of objects in no particular order

permutation equation

combination equation