Diagram of Central Nervous System

Brainstem

The oldest part and central core of the brain, responsible for automatic survival functions. Made up of Medulla oblongata, Pons, and Midbrain.

Midbrain

Associated with vision, hearing, and motor control

Pons

A brain structure that relays information from the cerebellum to the rest of the brain

Medulla Oblongata

Controls breathing, heart rate and blood pressure

Diencephalon

Contains thalamus and hypothalamus

Hypothalamus

Maintains homeostasis

Thalamus

Emotion, Information processing

Hippocampus

learning and memory

Amygdala

linked to emotion such as fear

Cerebellum

Controls balance and coordination

Cerebrum

Area of the brain responsible for all voluntary activities of the body

Frontal lobe

Part of the brain associated with motor control, decision making, and long-term memory storage.

Temporal lobe

Hearing

Parietal lobe

Sensation and perception

Occipital lobe

Visual processing

Corpus Callosum

Large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them.

Pituitary Gland

the master gland of the endocrine system

Pineal Gland

Produces melatonin, which helps regulates sleep-wake cycles

Broca's Area

speech production

Wernicke Area

language comprehension

Cerebral palsy

Disorder in ability to control movements caused by damage to the motor area of the brain

Alzheimer Disease

Brain disorder marked by deterioration of mental capacity

Huntington Disease

An inherited condition in which nerve cells in the brain break down over time leading to severe dementia

Seizure

Abnormal electrical activity in the brain

Epilepsy

chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity

Pia mater

the delicate innermost membrane enveloping the brain and spinal cord.

Arachnoid mater

middle layer of the brain and spinal cord

Dura mater

Outermost layer of the brain and spinal cord