Lesson 8-9: Adjective and Adverb (ENGL)- MIdterm

Adjectives and Adverb

are descriptive tools used to modify and add meaning to other

words in a sentence. The fundamental difference lies entirely

in what kind of word they are modifying.

Adjective

is a word that describes, modifies, or gives more

information about a noun (a person, place, thing,

or idea) or a pronoun.

Proper Adjectives

French fries, Spanish bread

Collective Adjectives

The rich of Antipolo are responsible.

Possessive Adjectives

my , your, his, her

The bakery sold his favorite bread.

Chidren are neglected by their parents.

Demonstrative Adjectives

(this - these; that – those)

Pronoun : This is my house.

Adjective : This house is mine.

Interrogative Adjectives

Pronoun : What is your name?

Adjective : What book are you reading?

Indefinite Adjectives

Pronoun : Many attended the meeting.

Adjective : Many people believe that corporations are under-taxed.

Determiners, Observations, Size and Shapes, Age, Color, Origin, Material, Purpose

Order of Adjectives

Determiners

a, an, the

Observations

beautiful, interesting

Size and Shape

Large, round

Age

young, old, new, ancient

Color

red, violet

Origin

Persian, Canadian, French

Material

metallic, wooden

Purpose

educational, decorative

Adverb

Modifies an active verb or a verb phrase by

expressing manner, place, time, degree, or

number.

examples of adverb

ALMOST FINALLY SELDOM UNUSUALLY CERTAINLY HARDLY QUITE SO USUALLY JUST RATHER VERY RATHER FAIRLY NEARLY TOO SCARCELY WELL

Simple

Interrogative

Negative

Types of Adverbs

Simple Adverb

She moved quietly. (Manner, tells how)

 I waited there for an hour. (Place, tell where)

 You may leave soon. (Time, tells when)

 I called you once. (Number, tells how many)

 He sat very still. (Degree, tells how much)

Interrogative Adverb

Introduces a sentence that asks a question (where, when,

why and how)

 When will you return?

 How is the trunk being sent?

 Where are you going? (Expected answer: there, inside, home)

 Why did you call? (Expected answer: because I needed help)

Negative Adverb

Denies or contradicts a statement

 no, not , never, only, scarcely and hardly

Note: two negative adverbs should not be used together.

 I can scarcely believe my eyes. ( correct)

 I haven’t no more sea shells. (incorrect)

Manner, Place, Frequency, Time, Purpose

orders of adverbs

Manner

quickly, quietly, beautifully, by bus

Place

here, upstairs, at school, in the room

Frequency

daily, every week, once, twice

Time

yesterday, tonight, at 5 PM, before

Purpose

o study, for work, because of rain

Prepositions

is a word, which is used before a noun,

a noun phrase or a pronoun , connecting it to

another word.

Simple Prepositions

Prepositions

which consists only one word.

in, on, at, by, for, from, with,

under, over

Compound prepositions

Prepositions which consists of two

or more words.

in front of, according to,

because of, next to, in spite of

Prepositions of Place

Shows where someone or something is located.

 in, on, at, under, next to, in front of

Preposition of Time

Shows when something happens or for how long.

 at, on, in, before, during, ahead of

Preposition of Direction

Shows the movement or path toward a destination.

 to, into, onto, through, toward

In

Continent, countries,

regions, cities, brgy, neighborhood

Centuries, decades, years,

season, months, weeks,

general parts of the day (morning, aft

ON

Avenue,

Street,

position in a

flat surface

Days,

dates,

specific

occasion

at

Full

address,

specific

location

Clock time,

meal time,

specific

moment