Preparatory, Completion & State Grammar

Vocabulary flashcards covering Korean grammar patterns for preparatory actions, completion, continuous states, cause and sequence, and accomplishment.

-아/어 놓다 / -아/어 두다

Grammar pattern used when an action is done in advance as preparation, or leaving something in a continuous state (To do in advance / Leave in a state).

-아/어 버리다

Grammar pattern indicating the completion of an action accompanied by feelings of regret/disappointment or relief that a problem is finished (To completely do / To end up doing).

-아/어 가지고 (o -아/어 갖구)

Spoken context grammar pattern used to show a cause or reason (Dahil sa… kaya…) or a sequence of actions (Ginawa ang A kaya nangyari ang B).

-아/어 있다

Grammar pattern showing that a person or object remains continuously in a particular state after an action is completed (To be in a continuous state of).

-아/어 내다

Grammar pattern indicating the completion or accomplishment of a difficult task through effort and hard work (To manage to do / To accomplish despite difficulty).